Hydrothermal flow regime and magmatic heat source of the Cerro Prieto geothermal system, Baja California, Mexico

Elders, W. A.; Bird, Dennis K.; Williams, Alan E.; Schiffman, P.

doi:10.1016/0375-6505(84)90005-1

Cited by 73 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Figure 2 gives the observed vitfinite-depth relations for two wells (M-105, M-84) where the present-day gradients are near 200~ although there is a significant irregularity in the measured temperature profile of the M-105 well. These wells were used here because they have a vitrinite value of 0.2 near the surface that seems in accord with the minimum values expected, e.g., Price, 1983. According to Elders et aL (1984), the high temperature geothermal regime is of recent origin and would have persisted for 40,000 to 50,000 years. In using the Sweeney-Burnham model, there is little difference in reaction progress as determined by vitrinite reflectance between 0.001 and 1 Ma heating periods.…”

Section: Salton Seamentioning

confidence: 79%

Comparison of I/S Transformation and Maturity of Organic Matter at Elevated Temperatures

Velde

Lanson

1993

Clays and clay miner.

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Abstract--Comparing the state of reaction advancement of I/S (ill ire content ofillite/smectite mixed layer minerals) and organic matter (vitrinite reflectance) in instances of ifigh temperature gradients allows one to observe the evolution of geologic materials under extreme conditions. In a geothermally heated sedimentary series (Salton Sea area, California), both clays and organics have reacted to completion in the temperature gradient range of 200~176 during heating episodes of 104 years. We observed an instance of rapid heating, through magmatic intrusion into the Meso-Paleozoic eastern Paris Basin sedimentary series in late Permian time, which induced changes in the organic material, but where clays are apparently unaffected.

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Section: Salton Seamentioning

confidence: 79%

Comparison of I/S Transformation and Maturity of Organic Matter at Elevated Temperatures

Velde

Lanson

1993

Clays and clay miner.

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“…Negative self-potential anomalies are associated with the downwelling of less saline and colder fluids around the caldera through a concentric pattern of fractures. The hydrothermal cell is also responsible of an electrokinetic magnetic field that is added to magnetic fields distribution based on the calcite-water oxygen isotope geothermometer (modified fromElders et al [1983]); the temperature distribution shows a broad area of temperature inversion in the southwest because of a zone of horizontal hot brine flow, and (c) flow regime (modified fromElders…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Streaming potential in porous media: 2. Theory and application to geothermal systems

Revil¹,

Schwaeger²,

Cathles³

et al. 1999

J. Geophys. Res.

270

235

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Abstract. Self-potential electric and magnetic anomalies are increasingly being observed associated with hydrothermal fields, volcanic activity, and subsurface water flow. Until now a formal theoretical basis for predicting streaming potential of porous materials has not been available. We develop here a model giving both the macroscopic constitutive equations and the material properties entering these equations. The material properties, like the streaming potential coupling coefficient, depend on pore fluid salinity, temperature, water and gas saturations, mean grain diameter, and porosity. Some aspects of the model are directly tested with success against laboratory data. The streaming potential increases with temperature, grain size, and gas saturation, and decreases with salinity. At the scale of geological structures the model provides an explanation for the presence of kilometer-scale dipolar self-potential anomalies in geothermal systems and volcanoes. Positive self-potential anomalies are associated with fluid discharge areas, whereas negative self-potential anomalies are associated with fluid recharge areas. Self-potential anomaly maps determined at the surface of active hydrothermal fields appear to be a powerful way of mapping the fluid recharge and discharge areas. In the case of free convection the vorticities of the convection pattern generate a magnetic field. The greater these vorticities, the greater the associated magnetic field. It follows that hydrothermal systems act as natural geobatteries because of the flow of pore fluids in the subsurface of these systems.

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“…It is assumed that the field is under steady state conditions in its natural state, neglecting the very slow temporal changes in the thermal or fluid flow regime that have been suggested by some mineralogic studies [Elders et al, 1983]. The initial thermodynamic conditions in the model used for the natural state computations were assumed to depend only on depth.…”

Section: Modeling Of the Natural Statementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The depth to the/3 reservoir increases towards the east where it is recharged with 355øC liquid water (through node B25). This fluid is believed to be heated at depth by a swarm of intruded dikes [Elders et al, 1983].…”

Section: Modeling Of the Natural Statementioning

confidence: 99%

“…These materials differ mainly in permeability with only slight variations in density, thermal conductivity, and heat capacity. The rock porosity and compressibility was assumed to be the same for all materials, Southwest-northeast section across the Cerro Prieto field showing the flow regime proposed byElders et al [1983]. R is the recharge zone; P is the thermal plume zone; D is the dischargezone; H is the horizontal flow zone.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Numerical studies of the heat and mass transport in the Cerro Prieto Geothermal Field, Mexico

Lippmann¹,

Bodavarsson²

1983

Water Resources Research

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Numerical simulation techniques are employed in studies of the natural flow of heat and mass through the Cerro Prieto reservoir, Mexico and of the effects of exploitation on the field's behavior. The reservoir model is a two‐dimensional vertical east to west‐southwest cross section, which is based on a recent hydrogeologic model of this geothermal system. The numerical code MULKOM is used in the simulation studies. The steady state pressure and temperature distributions are computed and compared against observed preproduction pressures and temperatures; a reasonable match is obtained. A natural hot water recharge rate of about 1×10−2 kg/s per meter of field length (measured in a north‐south direction) is obtained. The model is then used to simulate the behavior of the field during the 1973–1978 production period. The response of the model to fluid extraction agrees to what has been observed in the field or postulated by other authors. There is a decrease in temperatures and pressures in the produced region. No extensive two‐phase zone develops in the reservoir because of the strong fluid recharge. Most of the fluid recharging the system comes from colder regions located above and west of the produced reservoir.

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Hydrothermal flow regime and magmatic heat source of the Cerro Prieto geothermal system, Baja California, Mexico

Cited by 73 publications

References 11 publications

Comparison of I/S Transformation and Maturity of Organic Matter at Elevated Temperatures

Comparison of I/S Transformation and Maturity of Organic Matter at Elevated Temperatures

Streaming potential in porous media: 2. Theory and application to geothermal systems

Numerical studies of the heat and mass transport in the Cerro Prieto Geothermal Field, Mexico

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