Hydrothermal deactivation of silica-supported cobalt catalysts in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis

Kiss, G.; Kliewer, Chris E.; DeMartin, Gregory J.; Culross, Claude C.; Baumgartner, Joseph E.

doi:10.1016/s0021-9517(03)00054-x

Cited by 26 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…It has also been claimed that enhanced mixed oxide formation takes place during FT-reaction at high conversion levels (> 70%) concurrent with oxidation of cobalt to Co 2+ . In the case of silica supported catalysts, well defined crystalline needles of cobalt silicate are rapidly formed at higher conversions [60].…”

Section: Deactivation By Re-oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation and Regeneration of Commercial Type Fischer-Tropsch Co-Catalysts—A Mini-Review

2015

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Deactivation of commercially relevant cobalt catalysts for Low Temperature Fischer-Tropsch (LTFT) synthesis is discussed with a focus on the two main long-term deactivation mechanisms proposed: Carbon deposits covering the catalytic surface and re-oxidation of the cobalt metal. There is a great variety in commercial, demonstration or pilot LTFT operations in terms of reactor systems employed, catalyst formulations and process conditions. Lack of sufficient data makes it difficult to correlate the deactivation mechanism with the actual process and catalyst design. It is well known that long term catalyst deactivation is sensitive to the conditions the actual catalyst experiences in the reactor. Therefore, great care should be taken during start-up, shutdown and upsets to monitor and control process variables such as reactant concentrations, pressure and temperature which greatly affect deactivation mechanism and rate. Nevertheless, evidence so far shows that carbon deposition is the main long-term deactivation mechanism for most LTFT operations. It is intriguing that some reports indicate a low deactivation rate for multi-channel micro-reactors. In situ rejuvenation and regeneration of Co catalysts are economically necessary for extending their life to several years. The review covers information from open sources, but with a particular focus on patent literature.

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Section: Deactivation By Re-oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deactivation and Regeneration of Commercial Type Fischer-Tropsch Co-Catalysts—A Mini-Review

2015

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“…Water product causes hydrothermal conditions which may lead to oxidation of the active phase and continuous disruption of the support. Such damage is one of the major drawbacks in the use of well-defined mesoporous silica materials [14][15][16]. Under these conditions, the chemical and physical nature of the support material plays a crucial role.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superior Fischer-Tropsch performance of uniform cobalt nanoparticles deposited into mesoporous SiC

Iablokov

Алексеев

Gryn

et al. 2020

Journal of Catalysis

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a b s t r a c tElectrochemically-derived well-crystalline mesoporous silicon carbide (pSiC) was used as a host for cobalt nanoparticles to demonstrate superior catalytic performance during the CO hydrogenation according to Fischer-Tropsch. Colloidal Co nanoparticles (9 ± 0.4 nm) were prepared independently using colloidal recipes before incorporating them into pSiC and, for comparison purposes, into commercially available silica (Davisil) as well as foam-like MCF-17 supports. The Co/pSiC catalyst demonstrated the highest (per unit mass) catalytic activity of 117 lmol CO g Co À1 s À1 at 220°C which was larger by about one order of magnitude as compared to both silica supported cobalt catalysts. Furthermore, a significantly higher C 5+ hydrocarbons selectivity was observed for Co/pSiC. The stable performance of the catalyst is attributed to the high dispersion of the active phase and the use of pSiC acting as a thermally conductive and chemically inert mesoporous support.

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“…Cobalt catalyst is more expensive than iron-based catalysts, so the deactivation rate of this catalyst is an important parameter (Dry et al, 1970a,b;Hilmen et al, 1999;Das et al, 2003;Kiss et al, 2003). In the other part of this study, the effect of CO 2 on the deactivation rate of Co-Ru/Al 2 O 3 catalyst is inspected.…”

Section: Fischer-tropsch Catalyst 459mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Recycle Gas Composition of the Performance of Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst

Rohani

Khorashe

Safekordi

et al. 2010

Petroleum Science and Technology

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In this study, the influence of CO 2 and CH 4 on the performance and selectivity of Co-Ru/Al 2 O 3 catalyst is investigated by injection of these gases (0-20 vol.% of feed) to the feed stream. The effect of temperature and feed flow rate are also inspected. The results show that low amounts of CO 2 in the feed stream do not change the catalyst activity, but increasing the amount of CO 2 (more than 10 vol.%), causes the CO conversion to decrease and the selectivity of heavy components to increase. Methane acts as an inert gas and does not affect the catalyst performance. Increasing feed flow rate has a negative effect on both CO conversion and heavy component selectivity. By raising the temperature, CO conversion will increase but there are more volatile components in the product. The effect of CO 2 on catalyst deactivation is also investigated and a mechanism is suggested to explain the negative influence of CO 2 on catalyst deactivation.

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Hydrothermal deactivation of silica-supported cobalt catalysts in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Deactivation and Regeneration of Commercial Type Fischer-Tropsch Co-Catalysts—A Mini-Review

Deactivation and Regeneration of Commercial Type Fischer-Tropsch Co-Catalysts—A Mini-Review

Superior Fischer-Tropsch performance of uniform cobalt nanoparticles deposited into mesoporous SiC

Effect of Recycle Gas Composition of the Performance of Fischer-Tropsch Catalyst

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