Hydrothermal alteration in research drill hole Y-3, Lower Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming

Bargar, Keith E.; Beeson, Melvin H.

doi:10.3133/pp1054c

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Similar minerals have been reported for the Aluto-Langano, Ethiopia (Gianelli and Teklemariam, 1993); Lardarello, Italy (Cavaretta et al, 1982); Baca, New Mexico (Hulen and Nielson, 1986;Goff et al, 1992); Cerro Prieto, Mexico (Elders et al, 1979); Krafla, Iceland (Kristmannsdóttir and Tómasson, 1976); Wairakei, New Zealand (Steiner, 1977); Yel-Post-impact hydrothermal alteration lowstone, Wyoming (Bargar and Beeson, 1981); and the Salton Sea, California (Bird et al, 1984) geothermal systems. Garnets within the Aluto-Langano system are observed in areas where measured minimum down-hole temperatures are 275°C (Gianelli and Teklemariam, 1993).…”

Section: Mineralogical Interpretation: a Thermal Architecturesupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Laumontite within Icelandic geothermal systems occurs over a temperature range from 100 to 230°C (Kristmannsdóttir and Tómasson, 1976). In the Aluto-Langano (Gianelli and Teklemariam, 1993), Yellowstone (Bargar and Beeson, 1981), and Wairakei (Steiner, 1977) systems this assemblage corresponds to slightly higher minimum temperatures at 150, 195, and 200°C, respectively. The maximum temperature of occurrence for laumontite is typically below 230°C (see Table B26 in McCarville, 1994).…”

Section: Mineralogical Interpretation: a Thermal Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Post-impact hydrothermal alteration of the Manson impact structure

McCarville¹,

Crossey²

1996

Special Paper 302 the Manson Impact Structure Iowa Anatomy of an Impact Crater

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Section: Mineralogical Interpretation: a Thermal Architecturesupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Mineralogical Interpretation: a Thermal Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Post-impact hydrothermal alteration of the Manson impact structure

McCarville¹,

Crossey²

1996

Special Paper 302 the Manson Impact Structure Iowa Anatomy of an Impact Crater

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“…However, it has often been documented from many active geothermal fields that smectite, and more expandable liS, occur at temperatures higher than the above values. For instance, smectite appears at about 200 °C at Otake, Japan (Hayashi 1973) and Cerro Prieto, Mexico (Elders et al 1979), and at 160°C at Yellowstone, Wyoming (Bargar and Beeson 1981) and Wairakei, New Zealand (Steiner 1968). A detailed clay-mineral study in the Sumikawa active geothermal field, Japan (Inoue et al 1992) indicated that when smectite appeared at bottom-hole temperatures higher than 200°C, it coexisted with more than one liS phase, having different %S in the same rock specimen.…”

Section: Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Clay Minerals in Hydrothermal Environments

Inoue¹

1995

Origin and Mineralogy of Clays

146

102

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Formation of clay minerals under hydrothermal influence is the result of rock alteration by circulating hot water in the Earth's crust. A pre-existing rockforming mineral assemblage is altered to a new set of minerals which are more stable under the hydrothermal conditions of temperature, pressure, and fluid composition. The interaction of hot water and rocks forms a spatially and temporally regular zonal pattern of new clay minerals, as the fluid with cooling temperature moves through the surrounding rock mass. This chapter discusses the formation of clay minerals in such dynamic processes of hydrothermal alteration. The approach is one of clay-mineral facies formed under conditions of massive alteration in the rocks. The chemical and mineralogical changes which occur on the scale of a rock or rock mass are considered to have been dealt with in the preceding chapter. The exact process of change via local, veininfluenced exchange processes is ignored for simplicity (see Chap. 6).Hydrothermal alteration is often accompanied by hydrothermal ore deposits and active geothermal systems which are of economic importance. A huge amount of field and laboratory data on alteration mineralogy and geochemistry have been accumulated through exploration of hydrothermal ore deposits and active geothermal fields due to the economic interest of this geologic process. Additionally, the amount of theoretical information pertaining to the hydrothermal alteration has been rapidly increasing in the last decade. These data have been reviewed from various aspects of interest, e.g. in connection with the geneses of porphyry copper deposits (Meyer and Hemley 1969; Rose and Burt 1979;Beane 1982), epithermal ore deposits (Hayba et al. 1985;Henley 1985;Heald et al. 1987;Shikazono 1988), geothermal systems associated with recent volcanism (Ellis and Mahon 1977;Browne 1978;Utada 1980;Henley and Ellis 1983), Kuroko deposits (Utada 1988), and hydrothermal systems at sea floor spreading centers (Rona et al. 1983, for a summary). In the present review, particular attention has been paid to the formation of clay minerals under these different hydrothermal environments.Initially, the general backgrounds of hydrothermal alteration will be briefly reviewed (Sect. 7.1). Section 7.2 is concerned with the terminology and definition of hydrothermal alteration. Sections 7.3 and 7.4 introduce the geo-B. Velde (ed.), Origin and Mineralogy of Clays

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“…Similar processes have been described by Kiilmel and Van Der Gaast (2000), who found hydrothermal montmorillonite, which occurs in the vicinity of water springs and faulted zones associated with zeolites on Gran Canaria island. Moreover, the occurr ence of zeolites indicates hydrothermal infl uence in the early stages of clay mineral formation (Bargar and Beeson, 1981;Inoue, 1995;Kristmannsdottir and Tomasson, 1978).…”

Section: Phyllosilicates From the Barranco De Las Angustias Pyroclastmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clay minerals as alteration products in basaltic volcaniclastic deposits of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain)

Romero¹,

Salamanca

Baldonedo

et al. 2005

Sedimentary Geology

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Clay minerals from several volcaniclastic environments including pyroclastic (tuffs), epiclastic (Iacustrine, alluvial terraces, marine fan delta) and unconfonnity-related paleosols in La Palma (Canary Islands) were studied by XRD, SEM, TEM, HRTEM imaging and AEM. Clay minerals and their assemblages allowed us to distinguish between primary volcaniclastic basaltic material produced directly by pyroclastic eruptions and epiclastic volcaniclastic material derived from erosion of pre-existing volcanic rocks. The clay fractions consist mainly of smectite with minor chlorite, mica, chlorite-smectite mixed-layers and talc.Phyllosilicates of the epiclastic units display wider compositional variations owing to wide variations in the mineralogical and chemical composition of the parent material. Most of the phyllosilicates (mica, corrensite, talc and chlorite) are inherited minerals derived from the erosion of the Basement Complex Unit, which had undergone hydrothermal alteration. Smectites of the epiclastic units are saponite and beidellite--montrnorillonite derived from the hydrothermal Basement Complex Unit and from volcanic materials altered in the sedimentary environment. Conversely, clay minerals of unconformity-related paleosols are dominated by smectite composed of variable mixtures of saponite and beidellite, which were formed by pedogenetic processes with later hydrothermal influence. The mineralogical association in the pyroclastic unit is dominated by hydrothermally formed smectite (beidellite-montmorillonite), zeolites and calcite. This paper contributes to the differentiation between pyroclastic and epiclastic volcaniclastic rocks of several depositional settings in a basaltic volcanic complex by their clay minerals characterization.

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Hydrothermal alteration in research drill hole Y-3, Lower Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming

Cited by 27 publications

References 9 publications

Post-impact hydrothermal alteration of the Manson impact structure

Post-impact hydrothermal alteration of the Manson impact structure

Formation of Clay Minerals in Hydrothermal Environments

Clay minerals as alteration products in basaltic volcaniclastic deposits of La Palma (Canary Islands, Spain)

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