Hydroprocessing of heavy residual oil: Opportunities and challenges

Marafi, A.; Albazzaz, Hamza; Rana, Mohan S.

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2018.10.067

Cited by 109 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Petroleum is composed mostly of hydrocarbons, although impurities such as nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and metal compounds (vanadium, nickel, and iron, among others) are found [2]. Sulfur is the component that varies the most between different petroleum samples [2] and is the third most abundant element in crude oils, after carbon and hydrogen [3]. Sulfur content can vary between <0.1 to 8 wt.% [2], leading to the classifications of sweet crude oils (S content <1 wt.%) or sour oils (S content >1 wt.%) [3].…”

Section: Sulfur and Nitrogen In Crude Oils: Content And Type Of Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sulfur is the component that varies the most between different petroleum samples [2] and is the third most abundant element in crude oils, after carbon and hydrogen [3]. Sulfur content can vary between <0.1 to 8 wt.% [2], leading to the classifications of sweet crude oils (S content <1 wt.%) or sour oils (S content >1 wt.%) [3]. Nitrogen content can vary between <0.1 to 1.8 wt.% [2], and crudes can be classified as high-nitrogen oils (>0.25 wt.%) or nitrogen-poor oils (<0.25 wt.%) [4].…”

Section: Sulfur and Nitrogen In Crude Oils: Content And Type Of Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon-Based Materials for Oxidative Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Fuels: A Review

et al. 2021

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Sulfur (S) and nitrogen (N) are elements naturally found in petroleum-based fuels. S- and N-based compounds in liquid fuels are associated with a series of health and environmental issues. Thus, legislation has become stricter worldwide regarding their content and related emissions. Traditional treatment systems (namely hydrodesulfurization and hydrodenitrogenation) fail to achieve the desired levels of S and N contents in fuels without compromising combustion parameters. Thus, oxidative treatments (oxidative desulfurization–ODS, and oxidative denitrogenation-ODN) are emerging as alternatives to producing ultra-low-sulfur and nitrogen fuels. This paper presents a thorough review of ODS and ODN processes applying carbon-based materials, either in hybrid forms or as catalysts on their own. Focus is brought to the role of the carbonaceous structure in oxidative treatments. Furthermore, a special section related to the use of amphiphilic carbon-based catalysts, which have some advantages related to a closer interaction with the oily and aqueous phases, is discussed.

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Section: Sulfur and Nitrogen In Crude Oils: Content And Type Of Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sulfur and Nitrogen In Crude Oils: Content And Type Of Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-Based Materials for Oxidative Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Fuels: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…Due to the heavier tendency of crude oil, 1,2 delayed coking based on deep thermal cracking reaction is receiving more and more attention as one of the most important processing technology for heavy oils. 3 Free radical chain reaction theory is widely used to explain the mechanism of thermal cracking reaction, includes chain initiation, chain growth and chain termination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular-level reaction network in delayed coking process based on structure-oriented lumping

Xing

Liu

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Based on the structure-oriented lumping method, a molecular-level reaction kinetic model of the delayed coking process, which adopted 24 structural increments to construct the feed molecular matrix containing 2,944 molecules, was established with a reaction network containing 74,581 reactions using MATLAB. The reliability of the model was verified by experimental results. According to the discriminant rules of structural increments, 173 structural vectors in gasoline and 1,132 structural vectors in diesel were classified into different group compositions, respectively. The model could track the reaction path of any specific molecule in the complex thermal cracking reaction network. The influences of operation conditions such as recycle ratio on the product distribution could be discovered through the calculation of the molecular-level model, which is helpful for the process optimization and precise regulation of product composition for the delayed coking plants.

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“…In recent decades, there has been a tendency to depletion of the light oil reserves. As a result, the increase in oil production is provided by heavy, hardly recoverable oil [1,2]. Heavy oil fractions contain a significant amount of long-chain unbranched paraffins (n-paraffins), which are characterized by high cold filter plugging points [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer Modeling System of the Industrial Diesel Fuel Catalytic Dewaxing Process

et al. 2020

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An unsteady mathematical model and a computer modeling system of the diesel fuel catalytic dewaxing process (mild hydrocracking) were developed. The modeling system allows for calculating the optimal technological mode to produce low‐freezing diesel fuel with the required cold filter plugging point taking into account the feedstock composition and catalyst activity. The modeling system consists of the main blocks: database, knowledge base, unsteady mathematical model of the diesel fuel catalytic dewaxing process, and application program package. Using the developed computer modeling system, the influence of the feedstock composition and flow rate as well as of the catalyst activity on the cold filter plugging point and the yield of diesel fuel is demonstrated.

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Hydroprocessing of heavy residual oil: Opportunities and challenges

Cited by 109 publications

References 33 publications

Carbon-Based Materials for Oxidative Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Fuels: A Review

Carbon-Based Materials for Oxidative Desulfurization and Denitrogenation of Fuels: A Review

Molecular-level reaction network in delayed coking process based on structure-oriented lumping

Computer Modeling System of the Industrial Diesel Fuel Catalytic Dewaxing Process

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