Hydrophobic Adsorption Followed by Desorption with Ethanol–Water for Recovery of Penicillin G from Fermentation Broth

Abstract

The hydrophobic adsorption is an alternative to traditional organic solvent extraction for the recovery and purification of Penicillin G (PenG). However, there is a lack of information concerning the effect of process variables and technical feasibility while balancing product degradation. After assessing the integrity of PenG under different conditions, Amberlite XAD-4 was selected from among three different adsorbents. During the batch process using only 0.05 g XAD-4 /mL medium , the adsorption yield increased from 36% at pH 6 to 44% at pH 4. More than 90% of the antibiotic was captured from the fermentation broth using 0.083 g XAD-4 /mL medium in a 45 min batch performed at pH 4 and 4 °C. Moreover, there was no PenG degradation. The desorption conditions were evaluated, and 95% of the antibiotic could be recovered in only one batch using water−ethanol, which is an unexplored PenG desorption process. The results showed selective adsorption, indicating that the process can also be useful for purification purposes. Hydrophobic adsorption with ethanol desorption is efficient, scalable, and green and could be used in place of traditional methods or in extractive fermentation.

An Adsorption Based Downstream Processing Approach for Penicillin V from a Penicillium chrysogenum BIONCL I22 Culture Filtrate

“…Researchers have used macroporous resins for the adsorption of several antibiotics. , Jain et al reviewed the use of XAD4 for the adsorption of penicillin, aspirin, ciprofloxacin, etc. In another study by De Barros et al, it was shown that XAD4 had the highest adsorption capacity for recovering penicillin G. Amberlite XAD4 is a nonionic, macroporous styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer. It possesses a relatively high Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) surface area (750.2 m 2 /g), mean pore size (100 Å), pore volume (0.98 mL/g), and a medium pore diameter of 5.58 nm.…”

“…It was observed that maximum penicillin V was recovered within the pH range of 6 to 7 at the given temperature (Figure 2). Studies by De Barros et al 23 suggest that maximum penicillin G recovery could be achieved at pH 4 but requires maintenance of low temperature (4 °C).…”

“…De Barros et. al., carried out the adsorption of penicillin G at 4 °C, pH 4 and showed data fitting in Langmuir adsorption isotherm but the data should not be directly compared due to a difference in the operating conditions. , …”

“…The resin was then dried for 24 h at 50 °C. Hydration of the resins was carried out with absolute ethanol owing to their hydrophobic character making permeation easier . Furthermore, the resins were abundantly washed with distilled water to remove any storage solution.…”

“…al., carried out the adsorption of penicillin G at 4 °C, pH 4 and showed data fitting in Langmuir adsorption isotherm but the data should not be directly compared due to a difference in the operating conditions. 23,36 2.5. Desorption Yield of Penicillin V from Amberlite XAD4 Found Maximum in 80% Ethanol.…”