Hydrophilic modification of polyvinyl chloride with polyacrylic acid using ATRP

Rusen, Edina; Şomoghi, Raluca; Busuioc, Cristina; Diacon, Aurel

doi:10.1039/d0ra05936f

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Diiodomethane and water were used as the dispersive and polar components respectively for measurement of the SE. The SE components for PVC and the PVC/NC blend were calculated using the equations described in previous reports 50 . The contact angles of water and diiodomethane on the blend surface were measured for calculations of SE.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SE components for PVC and the PVC/NC blend were calculated using the equations described in previous reports. 50 The contact angles of water and diiodomethane on the blend surface were measured for calculations of SE. The results showed an increased SE for the PVC/NC blend compared to pristine PVC with respect to decreased contact angles, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Dielectric Constant Of the Pvc/nc Blendmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the preparation and properties of polyvinyl chloride/nitrocellulose polymer blends

Jadhav

Joshi

Humbe

et al. 2022

Polymer International

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In this study, we prepared Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/Nitrocellulose (NC) polymer blend by the solution casting technique. The structural properties and decreased interplanar spacing and crystalline nature of the PVC/NC blends were confirmed by an XRD technique. Basic chemical fingerprint regions of PVC/NC blends were confirmed by the Fourier transform IR method. Optical properties correlated with a decreased direct and indirect bandgap energy of PVC/NC were estimated using UV–visible spectra. They exhibited a shift in the absorption spectra towards the longer wavelength region due to process of charge transfer in the blend system. An increased microporous nature of the blends was demonstrated by SEM. Based on the Maxwell–Wagner model the dielectric constant and relative loss were found to have a maximum in the low frequency region which may be contributed by the polar nature of NC. We confirmed the hydrophilic nature of the PVC/NC blends due to the presence of hydroxyl groups by the goniometer technique. The thermophysical properties of the blends were measured by Lee's disc method. NC loading in the blend system increased the thermal conductivity from 0.12 to 0.18 W/(m.K). The Shore A softness test of the blends exhibited an 18% increase. We quantified structure, bandgap, morphology, and dielectric, surface and thermal properties as a function of NC blending. This new emerging blend may be a remedy for various engineering applications. © 2022 Society of Industrial Chemistry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dielectric Constant Of the Pvc/nc Blendmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the preparation and properties of polyvinyl chloride/nitrocellulose polymer blends

Jadhav

Joshi

Humbe

et al. 2022

Polymer International

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“…The mean size decreased and the distribution narrowed following grafting, with these changes becoming greater as the SPE monomer concentration increased, as has been found by others, 54,55 especially when ATRP was applied. 56 As the wetting fluid used for the LLP measurements was IPA, a nonsolvent for SPE, 57 the mean pore size in aqueous solutions is expected to be smaller due to brush swelling. 58−60 Figure 4B displays the pure water (DI water) permeance (L p ) and permeate flux of salt solution (10 and 100 mM NaCl, measured at TMP = 0.1 bar) for the pristine and microporous brush-grafted membranes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microporous Polyethersulfone Membranes Grafted with Zwitterionic Polymer Brushes Showing Microfiltration Permeance and Ultrafiltration Bacteriophage Removal

Qin

Ziemann

Bar‐Zeev

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Virus removal from water using microfiltration (MF) membranes is of great interest but remains challenging owing to the membranes' mean pore sizes typically being significantly larger than most viruses. We present microporous membranes grafted with polyzwitterionic brushes (N-dimethylammonium betaine) that combine bacteriophage removal in the range of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes with the permeance of MF membranes. Brush structures were grafted in two steps: free-radical polymerization followed by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR−FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) verified that grafting occurred at both sides of the membranes and that the grafting increased with increasing the zwitterion monomer concentration. The log reduction values (LRVs) of the pristine membrane increased from less than 0.5 LRV for T4 (∼100 nm) and NT1 (∼50 nm) bacteriophages to up to 4.5 LRV for the T4 and 3.1 LRV for the NT1 for the brush-grafted membranes with a permeance of about 1000 LMH/bar. The high permeance was attributed to a high-water fraction in the ultra-hydrophilic brush structure. The high measured LRVs of the brush-grafted membranes were attributed to enhanced bacteriophages exclusion from the membrane surface and entrapment of the ones that penetrated the pores due to the membranes' smaller mean pore-size and crosssection porosity than those of the pristine membrane, as seen by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and measured using liquid− liquid porometry. Micro X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) spectrometry and nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry showed that 100 nm Si-coated gold nanospheres accumulated on the surface of the pristine membrane but not on the brush-coated membrane and that the nanospheres that penetrated the membranes were entrapped in the brush-grafted membrane but passed the pristine one. These results corroborate the LRVs obtained during filtration experiments and support the inference that the increased removal was due to a combined exclusion mechanism and entrapment. Overall, these microporous brush-grafted membranes show potential for use in advanced water treatment.

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“…41 Despite this strong limitation, the modification of PVC materials was achieved via ATRP with various monomers. 37,[42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50] In contrast, the radical polymerization from reversible addition fragmentation chain-transfer RAFT agents grafted on PVC remains confidential. 51 Nitroxide mediated polymerization NMP is an efficient reversible-deactivation radical polymerization RDRP method for macromolecular engineering.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…42 Despite this strong limitation, the modification of PVC materials was achieved via ATRP with various monomers. 38,43–51 In contrast, the radical polymerization from reversible addition fragmentation chain-transfer RAFT agents grafted on PVC remains limited. 52…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitroxide mediated radical polymerization for the preparation of poly(vinyl chloride) grafted poly(acrylate) copolymers

et al. 2022

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Hydrophilic modification of polyvinyl chloride with polyacrylic acid using ATRP

Abstract: Amphiphilic copolymers were synthesized through a “grafting from” technique using an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiated from the surface of an iodinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-I) membrane and in solution.

Cited by 20 publications

References 57 publications

Study of the preparation and properties of polyvinyl chloride/nitrocellulose polymer blends

Study of the preparation and properties of polyvinyl chloride/nitrocellulose polymer blends

Microporous Polyethersulfone Membranes Grafted with Zwitterionic Polymer Brushes Showing Microfiltration Permeance and Ultrafiltration Bacteriophage Removal

Nitroxide mediated radical polymerization for the preparation of poly(vinyl chloride) grafted poly(acrylate) copolymers

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