Hydrophilic Extractives in Heartwood of European Larch (Larix decidua Mill.)

Abstract

• The heartwood of two European larch trees was examined for the content of hydrophilic extractives. Ethanol was used as a solvent for extractions of adequately pretreated samples, while gas chromatography with fl ame ionisation detection (GC-FID), gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS SAŽETAK • U radu su prikazani rezultati istraživanja hidrofi lnih ekstraktivnih tvari u srži dvaju stabala europskog ariša. Kao otapalo za ekstrakciju prethodno adekvatno obrađenih uzoraka upotrijebljen je etanol, a za kemijske analize primijenjene su plinska kromatografi ja s plameno-ionizacijskim detektorom (GC-FID), plinska kromatografi ja povezana s masenom spektrometrijom (GC-MS) i tekućinska kromatografi ja visoke djelotvornosti (HPLC-SEC). U uzorcima su identifi cirani i kvantitativno procijenjeni različiti fenolni spojevi kao što su fl avonoidi i lignani. Taksifolin i dihidrokamferol najzastupljeniji su

Understanding the Formation of Heartwood in Larch Using Synchrotron Infrared Imaging Combined With Multivariate Analysis and Atomic Force Microscope Infrared Spectroscopy

“…The genus Larix species (larch) are an important European resource for durable wood (Hillis, 1987). The extractives in larch belong to the molecular families of terpenoids, flavonoids, lignans, fatty acids, and galactans (Zule et al, 2015;Zule et al, 2017). Like all conifers, larch trees contain high amounts of oleoresin, produced by specialized epithelial cells surrounding resin canals and ray parenchyma cells.…”

“…Minor amounts of lignans can also be found. Flavonoids have been attributed with fungicidal properties, but their main potential seems to be their ability to scavenge different types of radicals, as well as to reduce and chelate metals (Giwa and Swan, 1975;Cao et al, 1997;Babkin et al, 2001;Ivanova et al, 2012;Zule et al, 2017).…”

Larch Wood Residues Valorization through Extraction and Utilization of High Value-Added Products

“…Compared to the results of other studies, the determined amount of taxifolin and kaemperol were lesser in this study. Zule et al [6] used only larch heartwood for their study, which has a larger total amount of flavonoids compared to sapwood [15]. The used wood chips for this study were from the outer part of the logs and were mostly sapwood.…”

“…The outer part (mostly of it is sapwood) of the timber round wood cannot be used for the sawn wood and it is chopped to wood chips and used as thermal energy resources in larger part. As larch wood is not a preferred pulpwood species [5], since the amounts of resin and other extractives are large [6,7]. Furthermore, there is a non-negligible amount of knots in the fraction of these wood chips, which are sorted out during the pulp and paper process.…”

“…The difference between both knot types was not focused upon in various studies of extractives and material properties [8][9][10]13]. GC-MS analyses are often applied to determine the chemical composition of wood extractives [6,[8][9][10]12,13]. This method gives reliable results and is used for the detection of single components of natural extracts.…”