Hydrophilic and hydrophobic double microporous layer coated gas diffusion layer for enhancing performance of polymer electrolyte fuel cells under no-humidification at the cathode

Lattice Boltzmann Modeling of the Gas Diffusion Layer of the Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell with the Aid of Air Permeability Measurements

“…This procedure can be used to optimize the GDL porous structure, flow field patterns, and operation conditions of PEFCs. Liquid-gas two phase modeling [17,18], modeling, modeling of microporous layers [19][20][21], and expansion to 3D modelings are future studies.…”

Water vapor exchange system using a hydrophilic microporous layer coated gas diffusion layer to enhance performance of polymer electrolyte fuel cells without cathode humidification

“…The GDLs used at the water vapor exchange area were a 24BA GDL, a hydrophobic MPL coated GDL and a hydrophilic MPL coated GDL. The hydrophilic MPL consisting of PVA and carbon black was coated on the 24BA GDL [11], with the PVA content varying between 5 and 40 mass%. Fig.…”

“…The authors have reported that the influence of anode gas recirculation on the PEFC performance without cathode humidification [9,10]. A gas diffusion layer (GDL) coated with a hydrophilic and hydrophobic double microporous layer (MPL) was developed to enhance the PEFC performance without cathode humidification [11]. For the double MPL coated GDL, the hydrophilic layer is effective to conserve humidity at the catalyst layer, while the hydrophobic intermediate layer between the hydrophilic layer and the substrate prevents the removal of water in the hydrophilic layer via dry air in the gas channel.…”

Effects of pore size gradient in the substrate of a gas diffusion layer on the performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell

“…However, only the enhanced performance at high current density was emphasized, and there was no consideration of the dry conditions. Contrary to Tang's paper, Kitata et al [21] focused only on no-humidification conditions at the cathode. These researchers designed hydrophilic and hydrophobic double layered MPLs with different amounts of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).…”

“…Several researchers have designed double or triple layered MPLs with different hydrophobicity or porosity; however, these concepts still have their specific limitations [18][19][20][21][22]. Tang et al [18] designed a triple layered MPL, which is formed by controlling the amount of NH 4 CL, the pore former.…”