Hydropericardium syndrome in broiler chickens: its contagious nature and pathology

Abdul-Aziz, T. A.; Hasan, Samira

doi:10.1016/0034-5288(95)90005-5

Cited by 38 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The presence of characteristic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the epithelial cells of the gizzard confirmed that FAV was the cause of the gizzard lesions. Hydropericardium syn- drome caused by FAV serotype 4 is known to occur in uninoculated exposed chickens through direct contact with inoculated chickens [1,3]. Other researchers have reported severe growth depression in uninoculated chickens exposed by direct contact to inclusion body hepatitis-induced FAV serotype 8 [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproduction of Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion by the Horizontal Transmission of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 1

Ono

Okuda

Shibata

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The horizontal transmission ability of fowl adenovirus (FAV) serotype 1 99ZH strain, isolated from chickens exhibiting gizzard erosion, was investigated. Twelve 13-day-old specific pathogen-free chickens were inoculated orally with 10 6 TCID 50 /0.05 ml of the strain. An in-pen contact group (chickens in the same pen with inoculated chickens), hedge contact group (chickens in a pen connected with pens housing inoculated chickens), non-contact group (chickens in a separate pen placed at a distance of 70 cm from the connected pens), human exposure group (chickens in the next room and attended last every day) and negative control group were examined. Each group consisted of 11 or 12 uninoculated chickens. Gizzard lesions were grossly or histologically observed from 10 days after exposure (DAE) in the in-pen contact group, and from 15 DAE in the hedge contact and non-contact groups. The FAV gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction performed on cloacal swabs taken on 5 and 13 DAE from chickens in both contact groups, and on 20 and 26 DAE from those in the non-contact group. Serum neutralizing antibodies against FAV serotype 1 were detected in chickens from 13 and 26 DAE in both contact groups and in the non-contact group, respectively. In the human exposure and negative control groups, no infection was observed. We conclude that FAV-99ZH strain spreads rapidly through direct contact with inoculated chickens, and slowly through non-contact transmission, and that adenoviral gizzard erosion is reproduced by this horizontal transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproduction of Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion by the Horizontal Transmission of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 1

Ono

Okuda

Shibata

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Microscopically there was severe depletion of lymphocytes in the medullae of the follicles in the bursa (Figure 3), thymus and spleen . Severe anaemia and alterations in the heterophil and lymphocyte counts due to infection and the lymphopenia may be due to lymphocytolysis, as reported by Gowda and Satyanarayana (1994) and Abdul-Aziz and Hasan (1995).…”

Section: Infectious Bursal Diseasementioning

confidence: 53%

“…These changes were confirmed by transmission electron-microscopic observation of the hepatocytes . Other changes observed were lymphocytolysis and cyst formation in the bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen (Gowda and Satyanarayana, 1994;Asrani et al, 1997), which leads to depletion of lymphocytes in the medullae of the follicles in the bursa (Abdul-Aziz and Hasan, 1995;. Deepak (1998) also observed similar histopathological changes in various organs.…”

Section: Infectious Bursal Diseasementioning

confidence: 88%

“…The HPS agent is highly pathogenic, spreading rapidly from flock to flock and farm to farm (Cowen, 1992). The bird-to-bird transmission of the virus in a flock occurs horizontally (Akhtar, 1995) by the oral-faecal route (Abdul-Aziz and Hasan, 1995). Toro and colleagues (2001) found that an association of FAV and CAV is necessary for the successful induction of the IBH-HPS in chicken when transmitted vertically.…”

Section: Infectious Bursal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Economically Important Non-oncogenic Immunosuppressive Viral Diseases of Chicken—Current Status

Balamurugan

Kataria

2006

Vet Res Commun

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Immunosuppressive viral diseases threaten the poultry industry by causing heavy mortality and economic loss of production, often as a result of the chickens' increased susceptibility to secondary infections and sub-optimal response to vaccinations. This paper aimed to present an up-to-date review of three specific economically important non-oncogenic immunosuppressive viral diseases of chickens, viz. chicken infectious anaemia (CIA), infectious bursal disease (IBD) and hydropericardium syndrome (HPS), with emphasis on their immunosuppressive effects. CIA and IBD causes immunosuppression in chickens and the socio-economic significance of these diseases is considerable worldwide. CIA occurs following transovarian transmission of chicken anaemia virus and has potential for inducing immunosuppression alone or in combination with other infectious agents, and is characterized by generalized lymphoid atrophy, increased mortality and severe anemia. The virus replicates in erythroid and lymphoid progenitor cells, causing inapparent, sub-clinical infections that lead to depletion of these cells with consequent immunosuppressive effects. The IBD virus replicates extensively in IgM(+) cells of the bursa and chickens may die during the acute phase of the disease, although IBD virus-induced mortality is highly variable and depends, among other factors, upon the virulence of the virus strain. The sub-clinical form is more common than clinical IBD because of regular vaccination on breeding farms. Infection at an early age significantly compromises the humoral and local immune responses of chickens because of the direct effect of B cells or their precursors. HPS is a recently emerged immunosuppressive disease of 3-6-weeked broilers, characterized by sudden onset, high mortality, typical hydropericardium and enlarged mottled and friable livers, with intranuclear inclusion bodies in the hepatocytes. The agent, fowl adenovirus-4, causes immunosuppression by damaging lymphoid tissues; the presence of IBD and CIA viruses may predispose for HPS or HPS may predispose for other viral infections. Synergism with CIA or other virus infections or prior immunosuppression is necessary to produce IBH-HPS in chickens and the susceptibility of chickens infected with fowl adenovirus varies throughout the course of CIA infection. The mechanism of immunosuppression has been studied in detail for certain chicken viruses at molecular levels, which will provides new opportunities to control these diseases by vaccination.

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“…In natural outbreaks, the affected birds die and may not exhibit any clinical signs (Jaffery 1988); mortality ranges from 20 to 75 per cent (Khawaja and others 1988). The postmortem findings are very characteristic, with hydropericardium, hepatic necrosis and pale kidneys being present (Cheema and others 1989, Abdul‐Aziz and Hanson 1995). The disease can be diagnosed serologically by the agar gel immunodiffusion ( agio ) and counter immunoelectrophoresis tests (Roy and others 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydropericardium syndrome in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

et al. 2004

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MIoglichkeiten der (omprUtertomographie am Kopf des Pferdes anhand von zwci FAllen mit ejiier Fraktur der Schadelbasis. Schwieeizcr Archlviifir 7ierlicilkioiide 141, 267-272 GEORGE, L.W (1996) Localization and differentiation of neuLrologic diseases. In Large Animal Internal Medicine. 2nd edio. Ed B. P. Smith. St Louis, Mosbs. pp 142-170 MAYHEXV, I. G. (1989) Head tilt, circliing, nvstagmus, and other signs of vestibular abnormalities. In Large Animlal Neurology. A Handbook for

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Hydropericardium syndrome in broiler chickens: its contagious nature and pathology

Cited by 38 publications

References 9 publications

Reproduction of Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion by the Horizontal Transmission of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 1

Reproduction of Adenoviral Gizzard Erosion by the Horizontal Transmission of Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 1

Economically Important Non-oncogenic Immunosuppressive Viral Diseases of Chicken—Current Status

Hydropericardium syndrome in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

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