Hydropedology and Preferential Flow in the Tasmanian Texture‐Contrast Soils

Hardie, M; Doyle, RB; Cotching, WE; Holz, Greg; Lisson, S

doi:10.2136/vzj2013.03.0051

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…That study suggested the potential of using soil water isotopes to connect biogeochemical and hydropedological processes. Hardie et al (2013) examined the dependence of subsurface flow patterns on the soil structure for soils of contrasting textures in Tasmania, Australia, and discussed the possible impacts of preferential flow on the eluviation of clay and chemical reduction in shallow soils. Arnold et al (2013) examined fundamental hydropedological and ecohydrological relationships in natural Brigalow ecosystems of eastern Australia to support the rehabilitation of disturbed semiarid environments by promoting the development of native plants.…”

Section: Recent Results and Emerging Concepts In Critical Zone Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Zone Research and Observatories: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Guo

Lin

2016

Vadose Zone Journal

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The Critical Zone (CZ) is the thin layer of the Earth's terrestrial surface and near-surface environment that ranges from the top of the vegetation canopy to the bottom of the weathering zone and plays fundamental roles in sustaining life and humanity. The past few years have seen a number of Critical Zone Observatories (CZOs) being developed following the first CZOs established in the United States in 2007. This update summarizes major research findings in CZ science achieved in the past 5 yr or so (2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016), especially those obtained from recognized CZOs. A conceptual framework of "deep" science-deep time, deep depth, and deep coupling-is used to synthesize recent CZ studies across a broad range of spatial and temporal scales. This "deep" science concept emphasizes the integration of Earth surface processes that underlies the contributions of CZ science to terrestrial environmental research. We identify some main knowledge gaps and major opportunities to advance the frontiers of CZ science. We advocate that the CZ scientific community work toward a global network of CZOs to link sites, people, ideas, data, models, and tools. We hope that this update can stimulate continuous scientific advancement and practical applications of CZ science worldwide.Abbreviations: CZ, Critical Zone; CZO, Critical Zone Observatory; DOC, dissolved organic carbon; DOM, dissolved organic matter; EEMT, effective energy and mass transfer; ET, evapotranspiration; GPR, ground-penetrating radar; SOC, soil organic carbon; TDR, time-domain reflectometry; WTT, water transmit times.The Earth's Critical Zone (CZ) is defined as the thin layer of the Earth's surface and near-surface terrestrial environment from the top of the vegetation canopy (or atmosphere-vegetation interface) to the bottom of the weathering zone (or freshwater-bedrock interface) (National Research Council, 2001). This zone encompasses the near-surface biosphere, the entire pedosphere, the surface and near-surface portion of the hydrosphere and the atmosphere, and the shallow lithosphere (Lin, 2010). This concept of the CZ provides a unifying framework for integrating belowground-aboveground, abiotic-biotic, and time-space in mass and energy flows to holistically understand complex terrestrial ecosystems and offers a fertile ground for interdisciplinary research (Anderson et al., 2007;Lin et al., 2011). Thus, the integrated study of the CZ has been recognized as one of the most compelling research fields in Earth and environmental sciences in the 21st century (National Research Council, 2001.Environmental processes within the CZ, such as mass and energy exchange, soil formation, streamflow generation, and landscape evolution are crucial to sustaining biodiversity and humanity Field et al., 2015). The CZ supplies nearly every life-sustaining resource on which life originates, evolves, and thrives (National Research Council, 2001;Lin, 2014). This zone provides diverse services to human society and determines human livelihood (Lin, 2014;Field et al., 2...

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Section: Recent Results and Emerging Concepts In Critical Zone Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Zone Research and Observatories: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Guo

Lin

2016

Vadose Zone Journal

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“…Many different processes influence the dynamics of soil macroporosity and preferential flow, including soil freezing and thawing in cold climates (e.g., Frey et al, 2012; Hayashi, 2013; Lundberg et al, 2016), swell–shrink in clay soils (Warsta et al, 2013; Coppola et al, 2015), earthworm activity (van Schaik et al, 2014), and soil tillage and traffic (Schwen et al, 2011; Sandin et al, 2017). Furthermore, no existing simulation model accounts for all preferential flow mechanisms at both pore and Darcy scales, even though in many soils more than one may occur simultaneously (e.g., Jarvis et al, 2012; Hardie et al, 2013). We are also not aware of any model that considers the effects of water repellency on the generation of macropore flow, although many recent studies have demonstrated its importance, especially for uncultivated soils under natural vegetation (e.g., Jarvis et al, 2008; Nyman et al, 2010; Carrick et al, 2011; Badorreck et al, 2012; Hardie et al, 2012; Nimmo, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, both Kramers et al (2009) and Etana et al (2013) observed preferential flow through both macropores and coarse sand lenses in loamy glacial till soils. Another good example is the texture‐contrast soils that are common in Australia, which were found to exhibit fingering due to water repellency in the coarse‐textured topsoil, macropore flow in the strongly aggregated clayey subsoil, as well as funnel flow at the irregular horizon interface (Hardie et al, 2011, 2013).…”

Section: Experimentation From Pore To Catchment Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Preferential Flow in the Vadose Zone: Recent Advances and Future Prospects

Jarvis

Koestel

Larsbo

2016

Vadose Zone Journal

184

188

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Core Ideas Understanding of preferential flow is improving, stimulated partly by new technologies. Empirical process understanding has outstripped the capability of models to predict. Better models must await future advances in computational power. In this update, we review some of the more significant advances that have been made in the last decade in the study of preferential flow through the vadose zone as well as suggest some research needs in the coming years. We focus mostly on work that aims to improve understanding of the processes themselves and less on more applied aspects concerning the various consequences of preferential flow (e.g., for surface water and groundwater quality). In recent years, the research emphasis has shifted somewhat toward the two extremes of the scale continuum, the pore scale and the scale of management (field, catchments, and landscapes). This trend has been facilitated by significant advances in both measurement technologies (e.g., noninvasive imaging techniques and high frequency–high spatial resolution monitoring of soil moisture at field and catchment scales) and application of novel methods of analysis to large datasets (e.g., machine learning). This work has led to a better understanding of how pore network properties control preferential flow at the pore to core scales as well as some new insights into the influence of site attributes (climate, land uses, soil types) at field to landscape scales. We conclude that models do not at present fully reflect the current state of process understanding and empirical knowledge of preferential flow. However, we expect that significant advances in computational techniques, computer hardware, and measurement technologies will lead to increasingly reliable model predictions of the impacts of preferential flow, even at the larger scales relevant for management.

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“…Previous research has shown that the presence of sand cover on slopes can extend the time period from rainfall to runoff and sediment generation (4-14 times) and increase the infiltration rate by 0.2-2.0 times (Xu et al, 2015). The infiltration rate of sand layer was greater than that of loess layer, and hence the infiltration was considered as laminar flow, which is similar to interflow and may have formed at the sand-loess interface (Eastham et al, 2000;Hardie et al, 2013). This interflow initiates surface runoff when the water table depth within the sand layer reaches a critical value and a peak erosion rate is subsequently attained (Iida, 2004;Fox and Wilson, 2010).…”

Section: Influences Of Sand Cover Pattern On Erosion Processes Of Loementioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of sand cover on erosion processes of loess slopes based on rainfall simulation experiments

Zhang

et al. 2018

J. Arid Land

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Aeolian-fluvial interplay erosion regions are subject to intense soil erosion and are of particular concern in loess areas of northwestern China. Understanding the composition, distribution, and transport processes of eroded sediments in these regions is of considerable scientific significance for controlling soil erosion. In this study, based on laboratory rainfall simulation experiments, we analyzed rainfall-induced erosion processes on sand-covered loess slopes (SS) with different sand cover patterns (including length and thickness) and uncovered loess slopes (LS) to investigate the influences of sand cover on erosion processes of loess slopes in case regions of aeolian-fluvial erosion. The grain-size curves of eroded sediments were fitted using the Weibull function. Compositions of eroded sediments under different sand cover patterns and rainfall intensities were analyzed to explore sediment transport modes of SS. The influences of sand cover amount and pattern on erosion processes of loess slopes were also discussed. The results show that sand cover on loess slopes influences the proportion of loess erosion and that the compositions of eroded sediments vary between SS and LS. Sand cover on loess slopes transforms silt erosion into sand erosion by reducing splash erosion and changing the rainfall-induced erosion processes. The percentage of eroded sand from SS in the early stage of runoff and sediment generation is always higher than that in the late stage. Sand cover on loess slopes aggravates loess erosion, not only by adding sand as additional eroded sediments but also by increasing the amount of eroded loess, compared with the loess slopes without sand cover. The influence of sand cover pattern on runoff yield and the amount of eroded sediments is larger than that of sand cover amount. Furthermore, given the same sand cover pattern, a thicker sand cover could increase sand erosion while a thinner sand cover could aggravate loess erosion. This difference explains the existence of intense erosion on slopes that are thinly covered with sand in regions where aeolian erosion and fluvial erosion interact.

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Hydropedology and Preferential Flow in the Tasmanian Texture‐Contrast Soils

Cited by 20 publications

References 68 publications

Critical Zone Research and Observatories: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Critical Zone Research and Observatories: Current Status and Future Perspectives

Understanding Preferential Flow in the Vadose Zone: Recent Advances and Future Prospects

Influences of sand cover on erosion processes of loess slopes based on rainfall simulation experiments

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