Hydronic design of cogeneration in collective residential heating systems: state-of-the-art, comparison and improvements

Riet, Freek Van; Janssen, E.G.O.N.; Steenackers, Gunther; Verhaert, Ivan

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.12.004

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…For a hybrid production system with an ICE-CHP, different hydronic concepts were compared ('serial', 'parallel' and 'shunt' connections between CHP and boiler) and showed a difference of up to 10 percentage points of relative energy savings [37,38]. These differences were found to be even more expressed for hybrid production systems with an EHP and a boiler (up to 20 percentage points [39]).…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, ICE-CHPs are equipped with an internal cooling circuit to recuperate heat and in order to obtain proper operation (high electrical efficiency). For this latter reason, the temperature of the internal cooling circuit fluid going in the engine block is restricted to a minimum of typically 60 • C. While other methods exist, the most conventional way to achieve this restriction is by control of the inlet water temperature [38].…”

Section: Morphological Chart and Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exact demand-and production-specific boundary conditions are discussed further in Subsection 3.1 . Note that the principle of HC I and the two variations of HC II have been discussed before [39,38].…”

Section: Morphological Chart and Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydronic configurations of hybrid heat production systems in buildings: General design methodology and case studies

Riet

Verhaert

2020

Applied Thermal Engineering

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Hybrid heat production systems, in which sustainable technologies such as Combined Heat and Power (CHP) or heat pumps are combined with auxiliary heaters, have the potential to increase energy efficiency in buildings. In order to exploit this potential, a proper hydronic configuration of the production system is of uttermost importance. Unfortunately, both scientific literature and design guides have focussed little on this aspect.Therefore, this paper proposes a general simulation-based design methodology for selecting the hydronic configuration of a hybrid production system. To illustrate the methodology, it is applied on different case studies in which either a CHP or an Electrical ground-coupled Heat Pump (EHP) is assisted by an auxiliary boiler. The considered apartment building is equipped with a collective heating system for both space heating and domestic hot water (DHW) production, and four different combinations of the temperature levels are considered.Results show that if a CHP is considered, the auxiliary boiler should be implemented in parallel and be assisted by a modulating valve: this increases the Relative Primary Energy Savings (RPES) with up to 6.2 percentage points. EHPs require a separate circuit in the production system for space heating and DHW, preferably with preheating of the domestic cold water (an increase in RPES of up to 16.1 percentage points was reported).The use of a new type of Load Duration Curve to analyse the simulation results proved to be a comprehensible measure for decision making at the level of every stakeholder in the design process. In conclusion, the proposed methodology can assist these stakeholders in their pursuit of high performance hybrid heat production systems.

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Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Morphological Chart and Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydronic configurations of hybrid heat production systems in buildings: General design methodology and case studies

Riet

Verhaert

2020

Applied Thermal Engineering

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“…However, it is experienced a trial-and-error approach does not guarantee the best solutions for a proper hydronic integration. Therefore, parallel to the measurement campaign a methodology is been developed, optimizing hydraulic integration [17].…”

Section: Internal Combustion Enginesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance evaluation of different micro-CHP configurations in real life conditions and the influence of part load behaviour

et al. 2019

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Micro-cogeneration (micro-CHP) is an emerging technology to reduce the non-renewable energy demand in buildings and reduce peak loads in the grid. Within building applications internal combustion engines, Stirling engines and CHPs based on fuel cell technology are mostly used. The heat and electricity demand here is often characterized by a strong fluctuation over time. The design and control of micro-CHP in buildings is therefore often more challenging in order to achieve its nominal efficiency. In a recently ended research project, different micro-CHP-technologies were evaluated based on on-site measurement campaigns. In practice, micro-CHP is hardly ever used as single technology to deliver the necessary heat. A poor hydronic design can strongly reduce the number of operating hours of the CHP and even its performance, which is influenced by e.g. return temperature. In this paper the performance and behaviour of different technologies are discussed with a strong focus on the part load and start-stop behaviour. The necessary insights are provided with respect to system integration and control and are illustrated with a discussion on the executed measurement campaign in the region of Flanders.

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“…As local heat demand reduces due to increasing insulation rate, the latter is even more pronounced. The challenges integrating these technologies have been discussed in [3], pointing out the importance of the hydronic design. The first step in this design, however, is sizing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design methodology for combined production and distribution for domestic hot water and space heating

Verhaert

2019

E3S Web Conf.

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As local heat demand is reducing due to an increased insulation rate, investing in sustainable heat production becomes less interesting. Nevertheless a substantial demand of heat remains in which the thermal energy needed for the generation of domestic hot water grows relatively in importance. In the last two years standards to size production and distribution systems were revised and methods based on tap patterns were elaborated. Nevertheless, some aspects were not covered yet, e.g. how to deal with decentralized storage and how to use these results and new insights in combined heating systems, taking into account that modifications in standards for both space heating and domestic hot water installations are reducing the oversizing. In this paper, first some critical points of attention due to this evolution are illustrated with a case example. Next it is shown how different rules of thumb often developed by different manufacturers deal with these aspects, but lacking however compatibility with existing standards and/or new insights. Finally, a methodology is proposed and illustrated how to size distribution and production systems for combined heating systems taking into account central and decentralized storage and different kind of end users. The method can be used to size heating systems in collective housing or in district heating networks.

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Hydronic design of cogeneration in collective residential heating systems: state-of-the-art, comparison and improvements

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Hydronic configurations of hybrid heat production systems in buildings: General design methodology and case studies

Hydronic configurations of hybrid heat production systems in buildings: General design methodology and case studies

Performance evaluation of different micro-CHP configurations in real life conditions and the influence of part load behaviour

Design methodology for combined production and distribution for domestic hot water and space heating

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