Hydrometallurgical Processing Technology of Titanomagnetite Ores

Abstract

In this paper, we study the possibility of obtaining iron and titanium-vanadium concentrates with highest contents of iron and titanium, respectively, through hydrometallurgical processing of the titanomagnetite ores of the Chineisk deposit. We varied two key parameters to determine the efficiency of the process: (a) concentration of leaching solution (ammonium fluoride); and (b) acidity of solution. Ammonium fluoride concentration was varied from 0.08 mol/L to 4.2 mol/L with the other fixed parameters. It was shown that optimum ammonium fluoride concentration for leaching the ore is 0.42 mol/L; at these concentrations iron and titanium contents are about 62.8 wt % and 3.5 wt % in solid phase, respectively. The acidity of solution was changed by adding of hydrofluoric acid with varied concentration (from 0.86 mol/L to 4.07 mol/L) to ammonium fluoride solution with fixed concentration of 0.42 mol/L. The best results (degree of titanium extraction = 63.7%) were obtained when using a solution of hydrofluoric acid with concentration 4.07 mol/L. In this case, the addition of acid makes it possible to increase the Fe/Ti ratio by 3.4 times in comparison with the original ore. Thus, we conclude that acidity and the concentration of ammonium fluoride solution significantly influences the selectivity of the hydrometallurgical process.

Thermodynamics and Kinetics Research of the Fluorination Process of the Concentrate Rutile

“…Fluorination of rutile must be carried out in two stages. At the first stage, according to reactions (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10), in an excess of elemental fluorine at 1500-2000 K, the process of fluorination of rutile concentrates proceeds.…”

“…An aquatic technology is being developed for opening titanomagnetite ore by selective extraction of titanium with solutions containing ammonium fluoride (ammonium and fluorine ions) [9]. A technology based on the use of metal and ammonium hydrofluorides for opening titanium ores and concentrates is presented [10].…”

Intensification of Sulfuric Acid Leaching of Altered Ilmenite via Adding Fluoride Activator

“…Today, the fluoride processing method of ilmenite and rutile is very actively developing [23][24][25][26][27][28]. This method is very promising and has a very strong basis for the development of this technology, because it is economical, has a low amount of waste, and has the ability to recycle the main components [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. For example, the authors of [29,30,37] worked with titanium dioxide, which is found in industrial waste or in low-grade materials.…”

“…In our opinion, it complicates the application of this technology in practice. The studies [33][34][35][36][37] describe the leaching of titanium-bearing raw materials by the hydrometallurgical method using hydrofluoric acid. The optimal parameters were established, which differ due to the use of raw materials with different chemical compositions.…”

Sulfamic‐Acid‐Functionalized Fe3‐xTixO4 Nanoparticles as Novel Magnetic Catalyst for the Synthesis of Hexahydroquinolines under Solvent‐Free Condition

“…Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have become very attractive as relatively novel catalysts in nano‐green technology due to their extraordinary features including, high surface area, high stability, easy functionalization, easy synthesis and simple separation from reaction mixtures using an external magnet, which eliminates the need for tedious isolation processes such as filtration or centrifugation . Titanomagnetite (Fe 3‐x Ti x O 4 ) NPs are among the most important and well‐known species of magnetic nanocatalytic, especially due to the existing of Ti +4 cations in NPs structure that lead to increas the number of surface hydroxyl groups and higher loading capacity of grafted functional groups on the surface of NPs . It should also be kept in mind that, titanomagnetite NPs were first introduced by Azarifar et al.…”