Hydrolytic enzymes liberated by black-pigmented Gram-negative anaerobes

Gharbia, Saheer E.; Shah, Haroun N.

doi:10.1111/j.1574-695x.1993.tb00316.x

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This result strongly suggest that prenylated flavonoids may target to P. gingivalis other than nutrition acquisition with gingipain proteolytic activity or, more likely they also hinder vital metabolic pathways of P. gingivalis . In addition, it needs to be kept in mind that besides gingipains P. gingivalis produces a number of extracellular and cell‐associated proteinases . This corroborates with the finding by Blankenvoorde et al .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Inhibition of gingipains and Porphyromonas gingivalis growth and biofilm formation by prenyl flavonoids

Kariu

Nakao

Ikeda

et al. 2016

J of Periodontal Research

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1) the objective Porphyromonas gingivalis is considered a major pathogen of chronic periodontitis, which also may be implicated with systemic diseases such as atherosclerosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate natural products from medical plants to develop a new therapeutic agent against periodontal disease. 2) the background data discussing the present status of the field Secreted cysteine proteases, gingipains Rgp and Kgp, are essential for P. gingivalis virulence. Some polyphenols and flavonoids are known to inhibit gingipains activity and interfere with biofilm formation by P. gingivalis. Lots of bioactive compounds have been isolated from Epimedium species, but availability of these compounds on gingipains and P. gingivalis is still unclear. 3) methods Prenylated flavonoids were isolated from Epimedium species plant using column chromatographies. The inhibitory effect of the prenylated flavonoids against protease activity of gingipains were examined using purified gingipains and fluorogenic substrates. Anti-P. gingivalis activity was evaluated to analyze planktonic growth and biofilm formation in BHI medium in the presence of the prenylated flavonoids. 4) results We isolated 17 prenylated flavonoids (Limonianin and Epimedokoreanin B etc.) from Epimedium species. We found that some prenylated flavonoids inhibited gingipains activity in a non-competitive manner with Ki values at µM order. The prenylated flavonoids also hindered growth and biofilm formation of P. gingivalis, in a manner independent of gingipain inhibition by the compounds. 5) conclusion The results clearly indicated inhibitory effect of the prenylated flavonoids against P. gingivalis and would provide useful information for future development of periodontitis treatment that suppress gingipains, P. gingivalis growth and biofilm formation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Inhibition of gingipains and Porphyromonas gingivalis growth and biofilm formation by prenyl flavonoids

Kariu

Nakao

Ikeda

et al. 2016

J of Periodontal Research

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“…P. gingivalis produces a number of extracellular proteases with different specificities (11,18). A role for these enzymes in invasion is inferred by the ability of a mixture of protease inhibitors to significantly reduce invasion.…”

Section: Control Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porphyromonas gingivalis invasion of gingival epithelial cells

et al. 1995

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Porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontal pathogen, can invade primary cultures of gingival epithelial cells. Optimal invasion occurred at a relatively low multiplicity of infection (i.e., 100) and demonstrated saturation at a higher multiplicity of infection. Following the lag phase, during which bacteria invaded poorly, invasion was independent of growth phase. P. gingivalis was capable of replicating within the epithelial cells. Invasion was an active process requiring both bacterial and epithelial cell energy production. Invasion was sensitive to inhibitors of microfilaments and microtubules, demonstrating that epithelial cell cytoskeletal rearrangements are involved in bacterial entry. P. gingivalis, but not epithelial cell, protein synthesis was necessary for invasion. Invasion within the epithelial cells was not blocked by inhibitors of protein kinase activity. Invasion was inhibited by protease inhibitors, suggesting that P. gingivalis proteases may be involved in the invasion process. Low-passage clinical isolates of P. gingivalis invaded with higher efficiency than the type strain. Serum inhibited invasion of the type strain but had no effect on the invasion of a clinical isolate. Invasion of gingival epithelial cells by P. gingivalis may contribute to the pathology of periodontal diseases.

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“…Finally, Prevotella , despite its well‐known hydrolytic activity, was not correlated with the substrate hydrolysis or carbohydrate removal. This phenomenon may be related to its broad spectrum of hydrolytic enzymes, including xylanases, 43 glycosidases, lipases and proteinases 46 . Therefore, the convenient activity of Prevotella was persistent with the OLR changes, emerging as a potential keystone species that calls for further research.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biohydrogen production from food waste and waste activated sludge in codigestion: influence of organic loading rate and changes in microbial community

Moreno‐Andrade

Berrocal‐Bravo

Valdez‐Vazquez

2022

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Food waste (FW) and waste activated sludge (WAS) are complementary substrates that improve H 2 production by dark fermentation. However, there is little experience in the process performance in the long-term operation of reactors co-processing FW-WAS. This study aims to determine the optimal FW-WAS ratio in batch H 2 production and then feed this FW-WAS ratio to an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) to evaluate the influence of three organic loading rates (OLR) -15, 22 and 45 g volatile solids (VS) L −1 d −1on H 2 performance and microbial composition. RESULTS: Batch tests showed that the FW-WAS ratio of 90-10 increased 22% of the H 2 production compared to the individual FW. In the SBR operation, the OLR significantly influenced H 2 performance, reaching the highest productivity of 733 ± 282 mL H 2 L −1 d −1 at an OLR of 22 g VS L −1 d −1 . The cooperative lactic acid cross-feeding between Olsenella and Megasphaera resulted in the highest H 2 productivity at an OLR of 22 g VS L −1 d −1 . OLR promoted the prevalence of different taxa of hydrolytic bacteria, where Enterococcus and Veillonella were positively correlated, with the highest substrate hydrolysis of 50% at an OLR of 15 g VS L −1 d −1 . Prevotella, a genus with a wide spectrum of hydrolytic enzymes, was predominant in the SBR operation regardless of the OLR. CONCLUSION:The SBR operation at OLR of 22 g VS L −1 d −1 improved H 2 production by applying a 90-10 FW-WAS ratio. The change in OLR promoted different taxa of hydrolytic species in the SBR; however, Prevotella spp. prevailed at the three OLRs.

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Hydrolytic enzymes liberated by black-pigmented Gram-negative anaerobes

Cited by 11 publications

References 34 publications

Inhibition of gingipains and Porphyromonas gingivalis growth and biofilm formation by prenyl flavonoids

Inhibition of gingipains and Porphyromonas gingivalis growth and biofilm formation by prenyl flavonoids

Porphyromonas gingivalis invasion of gingival epithelial cells

Biohydrogen production from food waste and waste activated sludge in codigestion: influence of organic loading rate and changes in microbial community

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