Hydrolysis products of water treatment chemical aluminium sulfate octadecahydrate by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Sarpola, Arja; Hellman, H.; Hietapelto, Vesa; Jalonen, Jorma; Jokela, Jukka; Rämö, Jaakko; Saukkoriipi, Jaakko

doi:10.1016/j.poly.2007.01.035

Cited by 48 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Perchlorate is often used as a supporting electrolyte ion for the determination of stability constants on the assumption that perchlorate ions do not react with coexisting metal ions. [21] However, interaction between Al 4 (HSO 4 )] + was the main peak in the study by Sarpola et al [22] using ESI-TOF-MS, which might cause ion pairing between aluminum species and SO 4 2− similar to the case for AlCl 3 . [10] All Al-SO 4 complexes identified by ESI-Q-MS are listed in [9] Therefore, the places of the protons in Al-SO 4 could not be determined by mass spectrometry alone.…”

Section: Complexation Between Aluminum Ions and Ligandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of aluminum species with nitrate, perchlorate and sulfate ions in the positive and negative ion mode by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Urabe

Tsugoshi²,

Tanaka

2008

J. Mass Spectrom.

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The application of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for aluminum speciation in the positive and negative ion modes was discussed. Aluminum nitrate, perchlorate and sulfate solutions were measured by ESI-MS. In the positive ion mode, aluminum species containing anions (Al-L; L=NO3, ClO4 and SO4) were identified, while [Al(OH)2(H2O)n]+ (n=2-4) were the main species. The affinity of the anions with Al3+ estimated by ESI-MS was consistent with the hardness of the anions (hard and soft acids and bases principle) and the results from 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance studies. This indicates that the results observed from the positive ion mode preserved the chemical state of aluminum in the solution. In the negative ion mode, [Al(OH)4-nLn]- (n=0-2, L=NO3, ClO4) were the main species, which were considered to be converted from positive aluminum species, [Al(OH)(H2O)n]+ (n=2-4), by the successive addition of anions. Anions did not only attach to one aluminum ion but also bridged two aluminum ions. In Al2(SO4)3 solution, the behavior of SO4(2-) in the negative ion mode differed from that of NO3- and ClO4-. This may reflect the affinity of SO4(2-) with Al3+ in the solution or in the mass spectrometer or in both. Finally, detection mechanisms for the aluminum species in the solution are proposed for both the positive and negative ion modes. It is shown that ESI-MS can be used to observe the interaction between Al3+ and anions. We show the importance of the interpretation of the results by ESI-MS for obtaining new information of the metal species in the solution.

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Section: Complexation Between Aluminum Ions and Ligandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of aluminum species with nitrate, perchlorate and sulfate ions in the positive and negative ion mode by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Urabe

Tsugoshi²,

Tanaka

2008

J. Mass Spectrom.

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“…A second important feature that needs consideration is the role of sulfate, which was present in over 99% of the observed species and thus played an important role in the structures of the oligomers (Sarpola et al, 2007). These two features may be of limited impact owing to the dominance of monomeric cations and hydroxide particles in the system.…”

Section: Aluminium Sulfatementioning

confidence: 99%

Colloidal surfaces and oligomeric species generated by water treatment chemicals

Rämö

Sarpola

Hellman

et al. 2008

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

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Properties of water treatment chemicals were investigated by a novel combination of analytical methods. Oligomer distribution, total surface charge, zeta potential and conductivity were evaluated in simulated systems containing highly and moderately basic polyaluminium chlorides, aluminium sulfate (alum), ferric chloride and ferric sulfate. Species were quantified on the basis of mass spectrometric results. Polyaluminium chemicals gave rise to an intensive and completely cationic distribution of mainly Al 13 -based oligomers and high surface charges. Both cationic distribution and charge decreased with increase of pH and increased with concentration of the chemical. The other chemicals produced a wider oligomeric distribution of smaller species, including anions. The dimeric form was typical for iron. In the case of the sulfate-containing chemicals, sulfate was present in the majority of oligomers and zeta potentials were stable. For the chemicals without sulfate, pH values needed to be high enough to provide high zeta values. The results can be utilized in the improvement of coagulation and flocculation mechanisms aimed at the removal of bacteria, viruses and other micro organisms, as well as at humic and mineral particles. In addition, semi quantitative information about oligomeric species may be helpful in breaking down cell membranes to support disinfection.

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“…In our previous studies, Al 13 and some other polymeric Al species have been proved to coexist in hydroxyl Al solutions, especially the solutions with lower basicity [18]. Additionally, more categories of Al species have also been identified with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) by many researchers [19,20]. These species are often considered to be composed of hexameric ring structure and also play an important role in coagulation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of aging condition on species transformation in polymeric Al salt coagulants

Feng

Wang

et al. 2011

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspect

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a b s t r a c tEffect of aging time and aging temperature on the transformation process of Al species in hydroxyl Al solutions were analyzed by Ferron assay and 27 Al NMR spectroscopy with the help of analysis results of pH, turbidity and morphology of samples. Owing to the high chemical energy provided by elevated temperature, aging temperature exerted greater effect on the transformation of polymers than aging time. Elevation of aging temperature enhanced the transformation rate of various Al species in solution. Polymerization or hydrolysis of monomers in solution was not detected under various aging conditions. Polymeric Al species with non-Keggin structure (e.g., hexameric ring structure) were less stable than Keggin-Al 13 . The decomposition of Al 13 only occurred at higher aging temperature. The coexistence of oligomers affected the transformation of Al 13 . Morphology and species composition of colloidal Al species transformed from Al 13 were different from those from polymeric Al species with non-Keggin structure. Changes in pH, turbidity and morphology of samples agreed well with the distribution of Al species obtained by Ferron assay and 27 Al NMR spectroscopy.

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Hydrolysis products of water treatment chemical aluminium sulfate octadecahydrate by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Cited by 48 publications

References 41 publications

Characterization of aluminum species with nitrate, perchlorate and sulfate ions in the positive and negative ion mode by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Characterization of aluminum species with nitrate, perchlorate and sulfate ions in the positive and negative ion mode by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Colloidal surfaces and oligomeric species generated by water treatment chemicals

Effect of aging condition on species transformation in polymeric Al salt coagulants

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