Hydrolysates of Fish Skin Collagen: An Opportunity for Valorizing Fish Industry Byproducts

Abstract

During fish processing operations, such as skinning and filleting, the removal of collagen-containing materials can account for up to 30% of the total fish byproducts. Collagen is the main structural protein in skin, representing up to 70% of dry weight depending on the species, age and season. It has a wide range of applications including cosmetic, pharmaceutical, food industry, and medical. In the present work, collagen was obtained by pepsin extraction from the skin of two species of teleost and two species of chondrychtyes with yields varying between 14.16% and 61.17%. The storage conditions of the skins appear to influence these collagen extractions yields. Pepsin soluble collagen (PSC) was enzymatically hydrolyzed and the resultant hydrolysates were ultrafiltrated and characterized. Electrophoretic patterns showed the typical composition of type I collagen, with denaturation temperatures ranged between 23 °C and 33 °C. In terms of antioxidant capacity, results revealed significant intraspecific differences between hydrolysates, retentate, and permeate fractions when using β-Carotene and DPPH methods and also showed interspecies differences between those fractions when using DPPH and ABTS methods. Under controlled conditions, PSC hydrolysates from Prionace glauca, Scyliorhinus canicula, Xiphias gladius, and Thunnus albacares provide a valuable source of peptides with antioxidant capacities constituting a feasible way to efficiently upgrade fish skin biomass.

Effect of Fish Collagen Hydrolysates on Type I Collagen mRNA Levels of Human Dermal Fibroblast Culture

“…As previously reported, PGLA PSC presented a characteristic type I Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) pattern with some bands of molecular weight lower than 116 kDa [ 18 ]. However, PSC exhibits an average lower molecular weight than the corresponding acid soluble collagen, although these low molecular weight peptides (<20 kDa) could not be seen in SDS-PAGE gels [ 15 ].…”

“…Skin subproducts of Prionace glauca have been used to obtain collagen and gelatin to produce films [ 13 ] and peptides with antioxidant capacity [ 14 ]. We have reported previously the production of collagen and collagen hydrolysates (CH) from Prionace glauca and other fish species, such as Scyliorhinus canicula , Xiphias gladius , and Thunnus albacares ; we have tested antioxidative properties in the hydrolysates obtained [ 15 ], finding that similar antioxidative properties were found for Prionace glauca compared with other sharks. Collagen peptides with antioxidative, antihypertensive, or wound healing properties have also been obtained from different fish species, such as skate, Japanese flounder [ 16 ], Alaska pollack, squid [ 6 ], or Nile tilapia [ 17 ].…”

The Incorporation of Marine Coral Microparticles into Collagen-Based Scaffolds Promotes Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells via Calcium Ion Signalling

“…Collagen is an attractive natural polymer for use as a biomaterial as it is the main component of the ECM and offers binding sites for cells, known as ligands, on the its surface [14,15]. Furthermore, collagen can be processed by manufacturing techniques such as freeze-drying in order to fabricate highly porous 3D scaffolds, the porosity of which can be tailored to ensure efficient cell migration into central regions of scaffolds whilst also providing avenues for nutrient diffusion and waste removal [16][17][18].…”

Characterization of the Jumbo Squid (Dosidicus gigas) Skin By-Product by Shotgun Proteomics and Protein-Based Bioinformatics

“…Marine by-products are the body parts of marine species that are removed before they reach the final consumer in order to improve their preservation, reduce the shipping weight, and increase the quality of the main product [1,2]. These organic materials are the main concern for current fishery management policies and legislation because they represent a significant source of valuable compounds such as proteins, minerals and lipids.…”