Hydrological Response Unit Analysis Using AVSWAT 2000 for Keuliling Reservoir Watershed, Aceh Province, Indonesia

Abstract

Sediments deposition derived from the erosion in upstream areas can lead to river siltation or canals downstream irrigation. According to the complexity of erosion problem at Keuliling reservoir, it is essential that topography, hydrology, soil type and land use to be analyzed comprehensively. Software used to analyze is AVSWAT 2000 (Arc View Soil and Water Assessment Tools-2000), one of the additional tool of ArcView program. The results obtained are the watershed delineation map, soil type map to produce soil erodibility factor (K) which indicates the resistance of soil particles toward exfoliation, land use map to produce crop management factor (C) and soil conservation and its management factors (P). Hydrology analysis includes soil type, land use and utility for the erosion rate analysis through Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU). The biggest HRU value of sub-basin is on area 5 and the lowest one is on area 10. All four HRU in sub-basin area 5 are potentially donating high value for HRU. In short, this area has the longest slope length so that it has a large LS factor. About 50% of the land was covered by bushes which gain higher C factor rather than forest. Moreover, it has contour crop conservation technique with 9-20 % declivity resulting in having dominant factor of P. Soil type is dominated by Meucampli Formation which has soil erodibility factor with high level of vulnerable toward the rainfall kinetic energy. All in all, the vast majority of HRU parameters in this sub-basin area obtain the highest HRU value. Hydrology analysis, soil type, and use-land are useful for land area analysis that is susceptible to erosion which was identified through Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU) using GIS. As the matter of fact, spatially studies constructed with GIS can facilitate the agency to determine critical areas which are needed to be aware or fully rehabilitated.

Fluvial and coastal landform changes in the Aceh River delta (northern Sumatra) during the century leading to the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami

“…Since the mid‐20th century, rice production in the Aceh Province has not increased as fast as elsewhere in Indonesia due to droughts and low irrigation performances (Baihaqi et al, 2021; Panuju et al, 2013). In response, irrigation schemes, hillslope stabilization, and soil erosion mitigation programs were implemented (Azmeri et al, 2015). Irrigation schemes included the construction of reservoirs that trap the sediments delivered to the Aceh River.…”

“…Irrigation schemes included the construction of reservoirs that trap the sediments delivered to the Aceh River. The Keuliling Reservoir (catchment area of: 38.2 km 2 , Azmeri et al, 2015; Helmi et al, 2019), completed in 2008 in the catchment of the Aceh River, undergoes high sedimentation rates (Yulianur et al, 2015). Four other reservoirs, constructed since the 1990s, likewise impede the delivery of sediment to the delta.…”

Modeling Land Use Changes and their Impacts on Non-Point Source Pollution in a Southeast China Coastal Watershed

“…ArcGIS was applied to divide the watershed into multiple HRUs with only a single land use type and a soil type depending on the DEM data with the resolution of 30 m, land use classification data and soil type data [25,26]. The DEM data were acquired from ASTER GDEM, and the soil type datasets were obtained from the Institute of Soil Science for the Second National Land Investigation.…”

Soil erosion rate and hazard level at the Sianjo-anjo Reservoir watershed in Indonesia

“…The USLE method has advantages due to its simplicity and accuracy; therefore, this empirical model is the most widely used (Lal, 2001;Merritt, Letcher and Jakeman, 2003;Lim et al, 2005;Xu et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2008;Alexakis, Hadjimitsis and Agapiou, 2013;Perović et al, 2013;Chatterjee, Krishna and Sharma, 2014;Kourgialas et al, 2016;Azmeri et al, 2017;Azmeri, Legowo and Rezkyna, 2020;Azmeri et al, 2022). The USLE method predicts the average soil loss over a specific period in an area covered by a planting and management system (Alalwanya et al, 2021).…”

“…However, reservoir sedimentation can result in silting, affecting the reservoir's capacity and operational service life (Namr and Mrabet, 2004;Tatipata et al, 2015;Azmeri et al, 2017;Zarfl and Lucia, 2018). Primary sources of sedimentation are watersheds (Azmeri, Legowo and Rezkyna, 2020;Azmeri et al, 2022), reservoir slope and landslides (Legowo, Hadihardaja and Azmeri, 2009).…”