Hydrological modelling of a small watershed using satellite data and gis technique

Abstract

A distributed parameter model Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) has been tested on daily and monthly basis for estimating surface runoff and sediment yield from a small watershed "Chhokeranala" in eastern India using satellite data and Geographical Information System (GIS). Several maps like watershed and sub-watershed boundaries, drainage network, landuse/cover and soil texture have been generated. The SWAT model has been verified for the initial phase of monsoon season in the year 2002 using daily rainfall and air temperature. Performance of the model has been also evaluated to simulate the surface runoff and sediment yield on subwatershed basis for two months (July-August 2002). The results show a good agreement between observed and simulated runoff and sediment yield during the study period. Capability of the model for generating rainfall has been evaluated for 10 years (1992 -2001) period. The model simulated daily rainfall shows close agreement with the observed rainfall. The present results show that the SWAT model can be used for satisfactory simulation of daily and monthly rainfall, runoff and sediment yield. In~oducfionEstimation of hydrological parameters including runoff and sediment yield of a watershed is prerequisite for developing the best management plan for sustainable crop production. Surface hydrologic modelling of watershed mainly includes processes like runoff and movement of sediment as well as pollutants from the watershed to the outlet. Estimation of runoff and sediment yield is necessary for the design of soil conservation structures and for identifying the critical erosion prone areas of a watershed for implementation of best management plan with limited resources.

A hybrid factorial stepwise-cluster analysis method for streamflow simulation – a case study in northwestern China

“…hydrological models, artificial neural networks and statistical methods) have been employed in streamflow simulation. Hydrological models, such as the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and the MIKE SHE model, have become indispensable tools for streamflow simulation (Hansen et al 1996, Arnell 1999, Das et al 2004, Sahoo et al 2006, Lee et al 2011. They are effective for understanding the complex hydrological cycle process, and are powerful tools for analysing the quantity and quality of streamflow.…”

Information System for Integrated Watershed Management Using Remote Sensing and GIS

“…It plays a hastily escalating role in the field of hydrology and sustainable water resources development and management. These techniques have been extensively applicable in nearly all fields of watershed aspects, like, estimation of evapotranspiration (Bashir et al 2008;Elhag et al 2011), soil erosion (Vemu and Pinnamaneni 2011;Esteves et al 2012;Conoscenti et al 2013), rainfall runoff modelling (Shrivastava et al 2004;Rawat et al 2011;Kim et al 2012;López-Vicente et al 2013), flood management (Mason et al 2003;Park and Hur 2012;Steinfeld et al 2013) and irrigation water management (Saidi et al 2009;Georgoussis et al 2009;Nahry et al 2011;Liyantonoa et al 2013). …”

Spatial analysis including interpolation techniques for holistic groundwater monitoring and management

“…Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) are vital for understanding the groundwater surface water interaction and change in status of groundwater. Many workers ( Krishnamurthy et al, 2000;Katpatal, 1997;Obireddy and Maji, 2003;Dube, 2003, 2010;Shrivastava et al, 2004;Katpatal and Chavan, 2012) have used remotely sensed data and GIS for studying various aspects of groundwater analysis and status representation.…”