Hydrological modelling: a case study of the Kosi Himalayan basin using SWAT.

Gosain, A. K.; Rao, Sandhya; Mani, Arghya; Shukla, Manoj K.

doi:10.1079/9781845937973.0211

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The application of hydrological models to understand the hydrological dynamics in the Himalayan region is a relatively new approach. As a result, in some cases, modelling applications have been conducted without using glacier information (Sharma et al, 2000;Gosain et al, 2011). However, in recent years, the relative importance of melt runoff has been discussed in the context of climate change (Immerzeel et al, 2010;Eriksson et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the hydrological system dynamics of a glaciated alpine catchment in the Himalayan region using the J2000 hydrological model

et al. 2013

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This paper provides the results of hydrological modelling in a mesoscale glaciated alpine catchment of the Himalayan region. In the context of global climate change, the hydrological regime of an alpine mountain is likely to be affected, which might produce serious implications for downstream water availability. The main objective of this study was to understand the hydrological system dynamics of a glaciated catchment, the Dudh Kosi River basin, in Nepal, using the J2000 hydrological model and thereby understand how the rise in air temperature will affect the hydrological processes. The model is able to reproduce the overall hydrological dynamics quite well with an efficiency result of Nash–Sutcliffe (0.85), logarithm Nash–Sutcliffe (0.93) and coefficient of determination (0.85) for the study period. The average contribution from glacier areas to total streamflow is estimated to be 17%, and snowmelt (other than from glacier areas) accounts for another 17%. This indicates the significance of the snow and glacier runoff in the Himalayan region. The hypothetical rise in temperature scenarios at a rate of +2 and +4 °C indicated that the snowmelt process might be largely affected. An increase in snowmelt volume is noted during the premonsoon period, whereas the contribution during the monsoon season is significantly decreased. This occurs mainly because the rise in temperature will shift the snowline up to areas of higher altitude and thereby reduce the snow storage capacity of the basin. This indicates that the region is particularly vulnerable to global climate change and the associated risk of decreasing water availability to downstream areas. Under the assumed warming scenarios, it is likely that in the future, the river might shift from a ‘melt‐dominated river’ to a ‘rain‐dominated river’. The J2000 model should be considered a promising tool to better understand the hydrological dynamics in alpine mountain catchments of the Himalayan region. This understanding will be quite useful for further analysis of ‘what‐if scenarios’ in the context of global climate and land‐use changes and ultimately for sustainable Integrated Water Resources Management in the Himalayan region. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the hydrological system dynamics of a glaciated alpine catchment in the Himalayan region using the J2000 hydrological model

et al. 2013

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“…As a semi-distributed hydrological model, SWAT possesses a simpler structure and requires less data than the fully distributed MIKE SHE model. However, the model structure uncertainty inherent in the conceptual lumped model will significantly impact the prediction results [53]. In addition, the conceptual lumped model cannot specifically analyze hydrological processes such as the spatial and temporal variability associated with snow and the impacts of soil moisture on irrigation.…”

Section: The Swat Hydrological Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Alternative Climate Data Sources for Hydrological Simulations in the Upstream of the Amu Darya River

Sidike

Chen

et al. 2016

Water

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Abstract:The main objective of this study is to investigate alternative climate data sources for long-term hydrological modeling. To accomplish this goal, one weather station data set (WSD) and three grid-based data sets including three types of precipitation data and two types of temperature data were selected according to their spatial and temporal details. An accuracy assessment of the grid-based data sets was performed using WSD. Then, the performances of corrected data combination and non-corrected grid-based precipitation and temperature data combinations from multiple sources on simulating river flow in the upstream portion of the Amu Darya River Basin (ADRB) were analyzed using a Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The results of the accuracy assessments indicated that all the grid-based data sets underestimated precipitation. The Asian Precipitation Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards the Evaluation of Water Resources (APHRODITE) precipitation data provided the highest accuracy (correlation coefficients (CF) > 0.89, root mean square error (RMSE) < 41.6 mm), followed by the CRUNCEP reanalysis data (a combination of the CRU TS.3.2 data and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data) (CF > 0.5, RMSE < 58.1 mm) and Princeton's Global Meteorological Forcing Dataset (PGMFD) precipitation data (CF > 0.46, RMSE < 62.8 mm). The PGMFD temperature data exhibited a higher accuracy (CF > 0.98, RMSE < 7.1 • C) than the CRUNCEP temperature data (CF > 0.97, RMSE < 4.9 • C). In terms of the simulation performance, the corrected APHRODITE precipitation and PGMFD temperature data provided the best performance. The CF and Nash-Sutcliffe (NSE) coefficients in the calibration and validation periods were 0.96 and 0.92 and 0.93 and 0.83, respectively. In addition, the combinations of PGMFD temperature data and APHRODITE, PGMFD and CRUNCEP precipitation data produced good results, with NSE ≥ 0.70 and CF ≥ 0.89. The combination of CRUNCEP temperature data and APHRODITE precipitation produced a satisfactory result, with NSE = 0.58 and CF = 0.82. The combinations of CRUNCEP temperature data and PGMFD and CRUNCEP precipitation data produced poor results.

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“…In the present study, the model was set up for the baseline year (2000) and also for the future year of 2050, as 2050 coincides with many climate change studies (e.g. Bharati et al, 2014a;Gosain, Sandhya, & Mani, 2011) and thus enables comparisons between current and future agricultural water demand. In the current setup, even though WEAP can model the hydrology, Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrological outputs based on studies by Bharati et al (2014aBharati et al ( , 2014b and International Water Management Institute (IWMI, 2015) were used, as the SWAT model was already calibrated and validated for the Koshi Basin.…”

Section: Weap Model Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of planned water resource development on current and future water demand in the Koshi River basin, Nepal

Chinnasamy¹,

Bharati²,

Bhattarai³

et al. 2015

Water International

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The water resources of the Koshi Basin (87,311 km 2) are largely untapped, and while proposals for their development exist, their impacts on current and future water demand are not quantified. The current study is the first to evaluate the impacts of 11 proposed development projects for hydropower generation and water storage. We find that 29,733 GWh of hydropower could be generated annually and 8382 million m 3 of water could be stored. This could satisfy unmet demand in the current (660 million m 3) basin situation and in future scenariosi.e. population, agricultural and industrial growththat are projected to have 920, 970 and 1003 million m 3 of unmet demand, respectively, by 2050.

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Hydrological modelling: a case study of the Kosi Himalayan basin using SWAT.

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Understanding the hydrological system dynamics of a glaciated alpine catchment in the Himalayan region using the J2000 hydrological model

Understanding the hydrological system dynamics of a glaciated alpine catchment in the Himalayan region using the J2000 hydrological model

Investigating Alternative Climate Data Sources for Hydrological Simulations in the Upstream of the Amu Darya River

Impact of planned water resource development on current and future water demand in the Koshi River basin, Nepal

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