Hydrologic variation of stemflow yield across co‐occurring dominant canopy trees of varying mortality

Frost, Ethan E.; Levia, Delphis F.

doi:10.1002/eco.1397

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…It is also possible that beech is better adapted to water stress because of efficient stomatal control of xylem embolism (Lemoine et al. ), or because of a higher stem flow (Frost and Levia ). Another possible hypothesis is that soil acidification weakened sugar maple health and made it more vulnerable to other stresses like climate extremes (St. Clair et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Trees are generally sensitive to drought following cavitation induced by thaw-freeze events (Auclair et al 1996) as well as being more vulnerable to attack by insects. It is also possible that beech is better adapted to water stress because of efficient stomatal control of xylem embolism (Lemoine et al 2002), or because of a higher stem flow (Frost and Levia 2014). Another possible hypothesis is that soil acidification weakened sugar maple health and made it more vulnerable to other stresses like climate extremes (St. Clair et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extreme events and subtle ecological effects: lessons from a long‐term sugar maple–American beech comparison

Nolet

Kneeshaw

2018

Ecosphere

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Increasing extreme events that are related to global change are expected to affect the dynamics of forest ecosystems. If disruptive stressors (e.g., insects, drought) affect tree vigor without causing mortality, the ecological effects may be subtle, making subsequent ecosystem dynamics more difficult to predict than in the case of disturbances causing death. Based on the literature and our personal observations, we expected that such a subtle change could have occurred in the dynamics between sugar maple and American beech. We implemented a targeted paired‐sampling design (1) to verify whether a change occurred (gradual or abrupt, recovered or not) in the growth dynamics between the two species over a 57‐yr period, (2) to identify the likely causes of this change, and (3) to investigate whether such changes could trigger other long‐time ecological consequences. We found that sugar maple growth was negatively affected by an extreme event (or a few events) between 1986 and 1989, while American beech was not affected. Twenty years after the 1986–1989 abrupt growth decrease, sugar maple (1) had a slower growth than American beech, although it was previously similar, (2) did not respond to monthly climatic variations as it did prior to the abrupt growth decrease, and (3) had lower resilience when faced with a new stress event. Overall, our study, besides showing that extreme events with subtle effects may change the dynamics of an ecosystem, also illustrates that these events may accelerate ecosystem misadaptation to climate. Fine‐scale targeted monitoring is essential to complement broad‐scale monitoring to detect such misadaptations in a global change context.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme events and subtle ecological effects: lessons from a long‐term sugar maple–American beech comparison

Nolet

Kneeshaw

2018

Ecosphere

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“…Rainfall threshold for stemflow was lower for live and stressed trees than standing dead trees [ Frost and Levia , ]. On a precipitation event basis, stemflow volumes from live and stressed trees was approximately 60 times larger than from standing dead trees [ Frost and Levia , ]. What is the impact of individual stressors on stemflow hydrology and chemistry?…”

Section: Stemflow Dynamics As a Function Of Temporal Scale And Meteormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stemflow hydrology and chemistry from standing dead trees is just beginning to be understood [Watters and Price, 1988;Frost, 2011;Frost and Levia, 2014]. Varying states of mortality have been found to have a substantial impact on stemflow amounts [Frost and Levia, 2014]. Stemflow chemistry also varies significantly among different live, moribund, and standing dead trees [Frost, 2011].…”

Section: Stemflow Dynamics As a Function Of Temporal Scale And Meteormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stemflow chemistry also varies significantly among different live, moribund, and standing dead trees [Frost, 2011]. Rainfall threshold for stemflow was lower for live and Reviews of Geophysics 10.1002/2015RG000479 stressed trees than standing dead trees [Frost and Levia, 2014]. On a precipitation event basis, stemflow volumes from live and stressed trees was approximately 60 times larger than from standing dead trees [Frost and Levia, 2014].…”

Section: Stemflow Dynamics As a Function Of Temporal Scale And Meteormentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of stemflow generation dynamics and stemflow‐environment interactions in forests and shrublands

Levia

Germer

2015

Reviews of Geophysics

Self Cite

287

271

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Many geoscientists now recognize stemflow as an important phenomenon which can exert considerable effects on the hydrology, biogeochemistry, and ecology of wooded ecosystems and shrublands. Despite the explosive growth of stemflow research, until this review there has been no comprehensive attempt to summarize and synthesize this literature since 2003. Topical areas of substantive new knowledge in stemflow research include the following: (1) the interrelationships among stemflow and meteorological conditions, especially within individual rain events; (2) the dynamic interplay between stemflow and canopy structure; (3) stemflow and the cycling of solutes and transport of particulate matter; (4) stemflow and its interactions with canopy fungi and corticolous lichens; and (5) stemflow-soil interactions. Each of these five topical areas of substantive new stemflow research is summarized and synthesized, with areas of future research opportunities discussed. In addition, we have reviewed the parameters which can be used to describe stemflow and critically evaluate their utility for different purposes. This review makes a call for scientists studying stemflow to utilize common metrics in an effort to increase the cross-site comparability of stemflow studies. Capitalizing on the insights of prior research, exciting research opportunities await hydrologists, biogeoscientists, and forest ecologists who will conduct studies to deepen our knowledge of stemflow which will enable a better and more accurate framing of stemflow in the larger context of watershed hydrology and biogeochemistry.

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Effects of tree mortality on the estimation of stemflow yield in a self‐thinning coniferous plantation

Jeong

Otsuki

2021

Ecohydrology

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Tree mortality by self-thinning is an inevitable consequence of the long residence times of standing trees in unmanaged coniferous plantations. Stemflow (SF) is an important localized input of rainwater into the soil in forest ecosystems. However, little information is available on how tree mortality affects SF yields. We took weekly measurements from 16 trees in a 20 Â 10 m plot containing 50 trees in a dense unmanaged Japanese cypress plantation from April to October 2017. These 16 trees were classified into two groups: standing-live SF trees (n = 11, tree height [H]: 13.4 ± 1.1 m, DBH: 18.5 ± 3.8 cm, crown projection area [CPA]: 5.4 ± 0.8 m 2 , average ± standard deviation) and standing-dead SF trees (n = 5, H: 7.9 ± 1.4 m, DBH: 10.0 ± 1.9 cm, CPA: 0.0 ± 0.0 m 2 ). Because the smaller standing-dead trees with no crown were all positioned under the canopy of standing-live trees, the mean tree-scale SF volume (SFV tree ) of standing-dead trees was approximately 10.3 times smaller than that of standing-live trees. The much smaller SFV tree of standing-dead trees was also explained by the basal area (3.5-fold smaller) and the tree-scale SF funnelling ratio (FR tree , 2.9-fold smaller). SFV tree of standing-dead trees was so small that the ratio of stand-scale SF (SF stand ) to gross rainfall (GR) (SF stand /GR) was similar regardless of whether standing-dead trees were excluded or included (21.4% vs. 21.6%) in SF stand calculations, indicating that SF stand /GR could be reliably estimated using only standing-live trees.

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Hydrologic variation of stemflow yield across co‐occurring dominant canopy trees of varying mortality

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Extreme events and subtle ecological effects: lessons from a long‐term sugar maple–American beech comparison

Extreme events and subtle ecological effects: lessons from a long‐term sugar maple–American beech comparison

A review of stemflow generation dynamics and stemflow‐environment interactions in forests and shrublands

Effects of tree mortality on the estimation of stemflow yield in a self‐thinning coniferous plantation

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