Hydrologic Assessment of Food Using Swat as Geospatial Techniques in the Catchment Area of Terengganu Malaysia

Abstract

Risks and hazards are two important issues currently threatening humanity and the environment. Flood has claimed many lives and destroyed properties in Malaysia and Africa and Nigeria. It is global catastrophe. The application of geospatial science is, therefore, very important advantages that it offers solutions to flood. This stud uses of Advanced Space-borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Digital Elevation Model (ASTER-DEM), and the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in visualizing floods disaster risk. The whole catchment area of Terengganu has been delineated. The 25 sub-basins have been identified and the flood risk zones have been modeled. The complete watersheds are characterized by different sub-basins and Hydrologic Respond Units (HRUs) which can be viewed in 3D environment.

The Assessment of Sedimentation Problems in Kenyir Hydropower Reservoir, Malaysia

“…Rivers and streams, however, can be subjected to regulation by well-established practices through the use of dams, storage reservoirs, and diversions. It is mainly through these controls that efforts are made to make the most efficient use of water as a resource [24,27,36,51].…”

“…Rivers and streams, however, can be subjected to regulation by well-established practices through the use of dams, storage reservoirs, and diversions. It is mainly through these controls that efforts are made to make the most efficient use of water as a resource [24,27,36,51]. In the typical interpretation of the hydrological theory, the higher flow contains more powerful energy to move the higher concentrated suspended sediment load compared to the lower flow, and the TSS production is higher during the water flow in a basin.…”

“…The data analysis would show alterations in the suspended sediment concentration and how these components are connected to hydrological, geomorphological, and other variables. The method used to measure SL (tonnes/km 2 /year) is shown in Equation ( 4) below [11,27,45].…”

“…As a direct consequence, sediment deposition processes are affected by river discharge and flow rate [21][22][23][24]. Riverbank erosion can occur due to a variety of factors, all of which contribute to the erosion [25][26][27]. Among the characteristics are the erosion caused by stream flow turbulence, the side erosion that finally causes the bank structure to collapse, landslip caused by a rise in bank slope, and the removal of soil particles on riverbanks as a result of flow regime.…”