Hydrologic and erosion responses to compaction and added surface cover in post-fire logged areas: Isolating splash, interrill and rill erosion

Prats, Sérgio; Malvar, Maruxa; Coelho, Catarina; Wagenbrenner, Joseph W.

doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.05.038

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Comparisons between years are not appropriate due to poor instrument reliability. Prats et al, 2012;Prats, Malvar, Coelho, & Wagenbrenner, 2019;Prats, Wagenbrenner, Martins, Malvar, & Keizer, 2016;Wagenbrenner et al, 2006). It is also notable that the James and Krumland (2018) study, similar to ours, occurred in a region dominated by sandy loam andisols derived from quaternary volcanic parent material, which can exhibit rapid infiltration (Jefferson, Grant, Lewis, & Lancaster, 2010), but also provide an abundance of loose, erodible materials with relatively low cohesion when slope-stabilizing vegetation is absent (Esposito et al, 2017;Rodriguez, Guerra, Gorrin, Arbelo, & Mora, 2002).…”

Section: Sediment Yieldssupporting

confidence: 84%

Hillslope sediment production after wildfire and post‐fire forest management in northern California

Cole

Bladon

Wagenbrenner

et al. 2020

Hydrological Processes

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High severity wildfires impact hillslope processes, including infiltration, runoff, erosion, and sediment delivery to streams. Wildfire effects on these processes can impair vegetation recovery, producing impacts on headwater and downstream water supplies. To promote forest regeneration and maintain forest and aquatic ecosystem functions, land managers often undertake active post-fire land management (e.g., salvage logging, sub-soiling, re-vegetation). The primary objective of our study was to quantify and compare sediment yields eroded from (a) burned, (b) burned and salvage logged, and (c) burned, salvage logged, and sub-soiled plots following the 2015 Valley Fire in the northern California Coast Range. We distributed 25 sediment

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Section: Sediment Yieldssupporting

confidence: 84%

Hillslope sediment production after wildfire and post‐fire forest management in northern California

Cole

Bladon

Wagenbrenner

et al. 2020

Hydrological Processes

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“…The success of mulching in reducing soil erosion depends on the characteristics of the applied material, such as strand length, ground cover amount and thickness of the application (Robichaud et al, 2013b). Very different forest residue mulches have been tested, such as logging slash, wood shreds, wood strands, eucalypt or sequoia shredded barks (Fernández et al, 2011;Kim et al, 2008;Prats et al, 2014Prats et al, , 2019Robichaud et al, 2013a;Shakesby et al, 1996), but most of them were applied at high rates to be effective (8-34 Mg ha -1 ), especially when compared to the 2-3 Mg ha -1 of straw mulch (Badía and Martí, 2000;Wagenbrenner et al, 2006). Burroughs and King (1989) and Badía and Martí (2000) provide exponential negative equations to determine the mulch application rate needed to reach a certain ground cover percentage and a reduction in soil erosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post‐fire soil erosion mitigation at the scale of swales using forest logging residues at a reduced application rate

Prats

González-Pelayo

Silva

et al. 2019

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Mulching with forest residues has proved to be highly effective in reducing post‐fire soil losses at the plot scale. However, its effectiveness has not been quantified at the application rates that are typically used in operational post‐fire land management (2–3 Mg ha‐1 using straw), as well as at scales larger than 100 m2. The present study compared post‐fire erosion rates for six convergent hillslopes or swales of 500 to 800 m2, three of which were left untreated while the other three were mulched immediately after the fire with shredded eucalypt bark at a rate of 2.4 Mg ha‐1. Erosion rates were monitored at irregular intervals during the first three post‐fire years, whilst ground cover was assessed yearly. Selected topsoil properties (0–2 cm) such as organic matter content and aggregate stability were determined at a single occasion – two years after the wildfire, for three micro‐environments separately: bare soil, and under mulch/litter and vegetation. Soil losses on the untreated swales decreased with post‐fire year from 2.2 to 0.4 and 0.11 Mg ha‐1 yr‐1 (respectively for the first, second and third post‐fire years), while the mulched swales produced 84%, 77% and 38% less soil losses than the untreated swales. Soil losses also depended on slope aspect, with the north‐facing swales producing less erosion than the west‐facing ones. This could be linked to their significant differences in bare soil, vegetation and stone cover, or a combination thereof. The type of micro‐environment also played a significant role in topsoil properties (stone content, bulk density, resistance to penetration/shear stress, porosity and organic matter content). The present results add to the increasing evidence that forest residues should be duly considered for operational post‐fire land management. Forest residues were highly effective in reducing erosion from swales at application rates as low as the typical 2 Mg ha‐1 of post‐fire straw mulch. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…5b) and Galium aparine on unfenced, limed plots receiving nitrogen and phosphorus. Complex interactions such as this are likely to be much more frequent in nature than we know, as ecological field experiments involving factorial combinations of three or more treatments are still scarce (Prats et al 2019).…”

Section: Community-level Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variation in effect sizes in a long‐term, split‐plot field experiment

Leverkus

Crawley

2020

Ecology

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Citation: Leverkus, A. B., and M. J. Crawley. 2020. Temporal variation in effect sizes in a long-term, splitplot field experiment. Ecology 101(00):e03009.Abstract. Ecological field experiments initiate successional and evolutionary changes among resident species, yet effect sizes are often reported as if they were constants. Few ecological studies have addressed their questions through long-term, experimental approaches, and many questions remain unanswered regarding temporal patterns in ecological effect sizes. We document temporal variation in effect sizes in response to pulse and press manipulations in a long-term factorial field experiment at Nash's Field, England. The experiment comprises seven treatments applied in a split-plot design to test the single and interactive effects of herbivory by insects, molluscs, and rabbits, liming, nutrient limitation (applied as press experiments), competition (exclusion of grasses or herbs with specific herbicides), and seed limitation (pulse experiments) on plant community dynamics. The response of all vascular plant species was followed for two decades. High species richness was positively related to the minus-grass herbicide in the first decade and negatively related to both nitrogen addition and the abundance of dominant species in both decades. Many significant effects appeared quickly, but some large effects were not detected until year 15. Press experiments produced some long-lasting effects, but effect sizes changed due to both idiosyncratic "year effects" and secular trends. For pulse experiments, most effects, including positive and negative responses to herbicide application and the invasion of most of the sown species, disappeared quickly. However, some endured or grew monotonically, such as the invasion of two sown species that benefited from particular combinations of the press treatments. The fastest effects to appear were the responses from established species. Many of these responses were negative, likely resulting from reduced niche dimensionality and competitive exclusion by new dominant species. Contrarily, one of the largest community-level effects took well over a decade to appear: the natural invasion by one species, which responded to a four-way interaction between experimental treatments. The insights gained from individual effects increased with the duration of the lag before their first appearance, drawing attention to the importance of long-term, manipulative field experiments. This experiment also reinforces the point that factorial experiments are the most insightful way to explore ecological interactions.

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Hydrologic and erosion responses to compaction and added surface cover in post-fire logged areas: Isolating splash, interrill and rill erosion

Cited by 37 publications

References 56 publications

Hillslope sediment production after wildfire and post‐fire forest management in northern California

Hillslope sediment production after wildfire and post‐fire forest management in northern California

Post‐fire soil erosion mitigation at the scale of swales using forest logging residues at a reduced application rate

Temporal variation in effect sizes in a long‐term, split‐plot field experiment

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