Hydrographic and Satellite Observations of Summertime Upwelling in the Taiwan Strait: A Preliminary Description

Hu, Jianyu; Kawamura, Hiroshi; Hong, Huasheng; Suetsugu, Masateru; Lin, Mingsen

doi:10.3319/tao.2001.12.2.415(o)

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…Such variability of coastal upwelling can also be demonstrated by a variable hydrographical structure in the sea area near Dongshan with different scale, location, and intensity of low‐temperature and high‐salinity water [ Hu et al ., ]. In addition to interannual variability, two regions of coastal upwelling in the western TWS have clear intermonthly variability in summer [ Hu et al ., ], and the coastal upwelling and cold eddy off Vietnam are punctuated by the intraseasonal oscillation [e.g., Xie et al ., ].…”

Section: Progress Of Upwelling Studies In the China Seasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress on upwelling studies in the China seas

Wang

2016

Reviews of Geophysics

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East Asian marginal seas surrounding China exhibit rich ocean upwelling, mostly in response to the southwesterly summer monsoon. Upwelling in the China seas, namely, the South China Sea, the Taiwan Strait, the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea, and the Bohai Sea, has become increasingly important because the potential changes in the upwelling may have dramatic ecosystem, socioeconomic, and climate impacts. This paper reviews the progress of upwelling studies in the China seas since the year 2000, by presenting the principal characteristics and new understanding of 12 major upwelling regions in the China seas. Upwelling exhibits long-term variability at intraseasonal to multidecadal scales as well as short-term variability frequently caused by tropical cyclones. It is also associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, local environmental variation, and biogeochemical factors. The coastal upwelling around Hainan Island and the upwelling or cold dome northeast of Taiwan Island are specifically highlighted because they have attracted great interest for decades. This paper summarizes upwelling mechanisms in terms of wind, topography, tide, stratification, and background flow, with applications mostly to the China seas. Finally, we propose some topics for future upwelling research, i.e., potential intensification of coastal upwelling under global climate change, downwelling, intrusion of upwelling into coastal embayments, and the influence of upwelling on fishery and biogeochemical processes.

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Section: Progress Of Upwelling Studies In the China Seasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress on upwelling studies in the China seas

Wang

2016

Reviews of Geophysics

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213

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“…Summer upwelling near the Penghu Channel southwest of Taiwan (region 4) was also documented (e.g., Hu et al 2001;Hong et al 2011). Past observations (e.g., Hu et al 2001), mainly derived from satellite images, often distinguished the northern extremity of this upwelling (known as the Penghu Island upwelling) from the nearby upwelling along the left banks of the Penghu Channel (known as Taiwan Banks upwelling).…”

Section: Normal Upwelling Before Fanapimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Past observations (e.g., Hu et al 2001), mainly derived from satellite images, often distinguished the northern extremity of this upwelling (known as the Penghu Island upwelling) from the nearby upwelling along the left banks of the Penghu Channel (known as Taiwan Banks upwelling). In our view the gap may be too small to divide the two.…”

Section: Normal Upwelling Before Fanapimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Northwest of Taiwan and spreading off the Chinese coast there is also a shore-parallel and sometimes fragmented patch of upwelling, the northern part of which is locally known as the Zhejiang coastal upwelling for its proximity to the coastal Zhejiang province of China (e.g., Lü et al 2007;Lou et al 2011;Yang et al 2013). The third upwelling was sometimes considered two separate areas off southwest Taiwan with a little gap in between, one along the western flank and another at the up-channel extremity of the deep Penghu Channel in the southeastern Taiwan Strait (e.g., Hu et al 2001;Hong et al 2011). The three upwelling areas were invigorated after the passing of Fanapi, mostly in the form of horizontal expansion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impacts of Tides and Typhoon Fanapi (2010) on Seas Around Taiwan

Ko¹,

Chao²,

Wu³

et al. 2016

Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Sci.

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We used satellite data, typhoon-resolving atmospheric forcing and a data assimilating ocean model, the East Asian Seas Nowcast/Forecast System (EASNFS), to investigate circulation and three upwelling regions perturbed by tides and Typhoon Fanapi (2010) in the seas around Taiwan. The three upwelling areas located off northeast Taiwan, off southeast China and over the Penghu Channel off southwest Taiwan are normally limited in expanse before Fanapi. The tidal currents enhance all three. To cope with typhoon strength atmospheric forcing, we applied typhoon-resolving Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model wind fields that significantly enhanced Fanapi-induced upwelling. Approaching Taiwan, Fanapi induces a cold wake spreading preferably on the right side of the essentially westward running track in the western Pacific. The three upwelling areas in the East China Sea and Taiwan Strait subsequently become expansive as Fanapi approaches and enters the Taiwan Strait. The mechanisms leading to normal or Fanapi-perturbed upwelling and circulation in seas around Taiwan, especially the latter two mentioned above, are suggested. In essence, Fanapi disrupts circulation in the Taiwan Strait, and also the Taiwan Strait outflow entering the East China Sea, leading to expanded upwelling areas. We also suggest that high-resolution wind and tides application is essential for the upwelling modeling study and also the general circulation in the region with and without typhoons.

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“…For example, Tang et al 7 found the high pigment concentrations along the western coast of the TS in winter through the CZCS-derived pigment data. Hu et al 8 combined the hydrographic and NOAA/AVHRR SST data to detect the summer upwelling in the TS. Tang et al 9 coupled the SeaWiFS-derived Chl-a and NOAA/AVHRR SST data to locate the summer upwellings in the TS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentration in the Taiwan Strait

Kuo

Zheng

et al. 2006

SPIE Proceedings

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A series of the Orbview-2/SeaWiFS (Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor) images during the period from 1997 to 2003 is used to understand the spatial and temporal distribution of the chlorophyll-a concentration (Chl-a) in the Taiwan Strait (TS). It is found that the area with higher Chl-a is mainly along the western TS; it extends more offshore in cold seasons. The lowest Chl-a is always inside the deep Peng-Hu Channel, it can spread further northward in summer. From mode 1 results of the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis, we find the Chl-a in La Niña years (during the period from June 1998 to May 2001) showing greater variation than the other El Niño or normal years. The EOF1results also indicate the highest Chl-a always in fall. Meanwhile, the peak in the 1997/1998 El Niño fall was the lowest maximum, while the lowest Chl-a is mainly in winter, but its interannual variation is not so clear.

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Hydrographic and Satellite Observations of Summertime Upwelling in the Taiwan Strait: A Preliminary Description

Cited by 39 publications

References 1 publication

Progress on upwelling studies in the China seas

Progress on upwelling studies in the China seas

Impacts of Tides and Typhoon Fanapi (2010) on Seas Around Taiwan

Satellite-derived chlorophyll-a concentration in the Taiwan Strait

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