Hydrogeochemistry of Florida Karst Waters

Upchurch, Sam B.; Scott, Thomas; Alfieri, Michael C.; Fratesi, Beth; Dobecki, Thomas L.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-69635-5_5

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Within the parks and adjacent private lands, a karstic conduit network connects the upper and lower Santa Fe River. Santa Fe River headwaters originate at Lake Santa Fe and flow ∼40 km northwest before reaching the Cody Scarp, dividing the confined UFA to the northeast and the unconfined UFA to the southwest (Upchurch, 2002; Upchurch et al., 2019). Water flows into a swallet, River Sink, and through the conduit network before emerging on the surface, ∼5 km southwest at River Rise, a first‐magnitude spring (average discharge ≥2.83 m 3 /s; L. J. Williams & Kuniansky, 2016).…”

Section: Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Seismic Noise Tomography Within the Floridan Aquifer System, Santa Fe River‐Sink Rise, Florida, US

Gochenour,

Bilek,

Woo

et al. 2024

JGR Solid Earth

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This study utilized ambient seismic noise tomography to investigate correlations of hydrogeological systems with heterogeneous porosity with the internal velocity structure of karst aquifers using the Floridan Aquifer System (FAS) as an example. We conducted a seismic signal analysis with 30 days of vertical component seismic data acquired within the Santa Fe River Sink‐Rise system (Sink‐Rise System), using power spectral density estimates and frequency‐wavenumber analysis to identify any noise source biases. Empirical Green's functions were derived through phase cross‐correlations and phase‐weighted stacking. The functions allowed extraction of group velocity dispersion measurements, which were inverted to generate 2D tomographic images at various periods. Tomographic images show multiple layers with varying group velocities that aligned with known hydrogeological features of the FAS, including its base, low‐porosity and low‐permeability dolostone semiconfining units characterized by elevated velocities, and zones of elevated porosity from karstification with reduced seismic velocities. Our results show how ambient seismic noise can be used to evaluate aquifer physical properties, identify unknown features, and identify the location and continuity of aquifer units.

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Section: Field Sitementioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Seismic Noise Tomography Within the Floridan Aquifer System, Santa Fe River‐Sink Rise, Florida, US

Gochenour,

Bilek,

Woo

et al. 2024

JGR Solid Earth

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“…Piper's diagram suggests that 77.77% of the GW samples (7 GW samples) belong to Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ -Cl − -SO4 2− (field I), demonstrating the dominance of alkaline earths over alkali (Ca 2+ +Mg 2+ > Na + +K + ) and strong acidic anions over weak acidic anions (i.e., Cl − +SO4 2− > HCO3 − ), while all SW samples belong to Na + , K + , Cl − or Na + and SO4 2− which are plotted in File II, while 13 samples fell in zone D, indicating the dominance of sodium types (11 SW and P3, P6 in GW samples) [111].…”

Section: Hydrochemical Facies Using Piper Diagrammentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions Evaluation between the Jouamaa Hakama Groundwater and Ouljat Echatt River in the North of Morocco, Using Hydrochemical Modeling, Multivariate Statistics and GIS

Azzirgue

Cherif

Azhari

et al. 2023

Water

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The processed discharges from Tangier Automotive City’s (TAC) Chrafate Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) contaminate the Jouamaa Hakama groundwater and the Ouljat Echatt river. We aimed to study the unknown interactions between surface water (SW) and groundwater (GW). A total of nine Jouamaa Hakama GW samples and eleven Ouljat Echatt SW samples were taken and analyzed in 2021 and 2022 to determine 16 physical and chemical parameters (pH, temperature (T), electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), total hardness (TH), turbidity (TURB), and total dissolved solids (TDS), cations: Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+, anions: Cl−, CO32−, HCO3−, NO3−, and SO42−). For exploitation of the data, we used a methodology based on hydrochemical modeling (HM), principal component analysis (PCA), Water Quality Index (WQI), Irrigation Water Quality Index (IWQI), inverse distance weighted interpolation (IDW) using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and regression analysis (RA). We studied the interaction of the surface water of the river (contaminated by discharges from the WWTP) with the shallow groundwater on a strip of 100 m on either side of the river to understand the transverse and longitudinal dispersion of this pollution The investigations indicated that the major ions found in GW and SW were characterized in a different order in the anion list order Cl− > CO32− > NO3− > HCO3− > SO42− and Cl− > SO42− > CO32− > NO3− > HCO3−, respectively, while the concentrations of cations showed the same order for both: Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > K+. As a result, GW showed in the Piper diagram the type of sodium chloride to magnesium carbonate, while SW belongs to the sodium chloride to magnesium sulfate type. The WQI showed that the river waters are all unsuitable for use (WQI > 100), while the GW is of poor quality (WQI > 76). Moreover, the results of the GW–SW interaction along the river revealed a significant relationship (R² = 0.85), which means that strong circulation and the infiltration of contaminated SW into shallow GW occur in this area. The approaches followed have been proven effective in evaluating water quality for human and animal uses. These results can help decision-makers in the region take suitable management measures to mitigate this environmental problem.

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“…The IAH Commission Prominent features of karst hydrogeology include difficulty in identifying flow paths and variable fluctuations in flow rates [8][9][10]. Furthermore, the hydrologic properties and flow patterns of groundwater and surface water in the carbonate regions have not yet been clearly identified, due to the heterogeneous and complex petrological properties of carbonate rocks [11][12][13][14][15][16]. Therefore, it is difficult to evaluate, predict and manage groundwater flow and pollutant movement in these regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Variations in Microbial Compositions in a Karst Critical Zone in Samcheok, Republic of Korea

et al. 2020

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The effects of the unpredictability of the flow system in a karst area, with respect to bacterial communities in the aquatic environment, were evaluated. Bacterial communities from two different types of flow conditions (spring and sinkhole) were characterized and compared in the karst area. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia were the major phyla present in the sampled spring and sinkhole waters. The water samples from the spring points were heavily loaded with Actinobacteria, especially Firmicutes, which accounted for 4.3% of the bacterial content. Furthermore, Actinobacteria were prevalent in some water samples, serving as indicators of the effects of seawater inundation. The richness and diversity of bacterial species were evaluated at the spring and sinkhole water points. The spring waters showed a higher bacterial richness and diversity compared to the sinkhole waters. Our results provide valuable information for the evaluation and investigation of microbial compositions in karst areas, which are characterized by heterogeneous hydrological conditions. The microbial species in karst areas are already exposed to changing hydrogeological conditions, and are likely to be confronted with future changes; thus, their spatiotemporal variations reflect the shifting baselines of physicochemical and ecosystem processes.

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Hydrogeochemistry of Florida Karst Waters

Cited by 4 publications

References 95 publications

Ambient Seismic Noise Tomography Within the Floridan Aquifer System, Santa Fe River‐Sink Rise, Florida, US

Ambient Seismic Noise Tomography Within the Floridan Aquifer System, Santa Fe River‐Sink Rise, Florida, US

Interactions Evaluation between the Jouamaa Hakama Groundwater and Ouljat Echatt River in the North of Morocco, Using Hydrochemical Modeling, Multivariate Statistics and GIS

Spatial Variations in Microbial Compositions in a Karst Critical Zone in Samcheok, Republic of Korea

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