Hydrogeochemical tools applied to the study of carbonate aquifers: examples from some karst systems of Southern Spain

Sánchez, Daniela García; Barberá, Juan Antonio; Mudarra, Matías; Andreo, Bartolomé

doi:10.1007/s12665-015-4307-9

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Spring Water Temperature Fitting Results Reveal Spring Water Replenishment Source From the regional hydrogeological conditions, the Cambrian Fengshan Formation-Ordovician limestone is a unified aquifer, while the Changshan Formation-Gushan Formation has no karst development and has certain water permeability. The tracer tests confirm that the Cambrian Zhangxia Formation aquifers have a hydraulic connection with the spring water [26]. This indicates that the connection between the fault zone and the igneous rock contact zone enabled the spring group to be recharged by both the Ordovician Formation-Fengshan Formation aquifer and Zhangxia Formation aquifer.…”

Section: Mixing Ratio Of Spring Water Supply Sourcementioning

confidence: 65%

Water Recharge of Jinan Karst Springs, Shandong, China

Zhu¹,

Xing

Meng

et al. 2020

Water

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As the main scavenge port of groundwater in the karst water system, most of the karst springs affected by human activities experienced discharge attenuation phenomenon in the north of China. Whilst artificial replenishment measures have been taken to keep water spewing, the results are not ideal in many karst springs. This is mainly because of poor understanding about the recharging water sources. This paper used the Jinan Spring region as an example to discuss about different spring water supply sources. Based on a wide range of methods (e.g., dynamic observation of spring water level, real-time monitoring of water temperature and electrical conductivity (EC), tracer test, and frequency analysis), this study obtained several findings. First, the maximum karst-fractured water proportion that Cambrian Zhangxia Formation contribute to the Zhenzhu Spring is 57–59%, and the Heihu Spring only recharges 25–31%. Second, the proportion of fracture-karst water to the Heihu Spring from the Fengshan Formation to the Sanshanzi Formation of the Ordovician is 69–75%, while the proportion of the Tanxi spring is 15–17%. Third, the Baotu Spring and Heihu Spring mainly receive karst-fractured water from the Cambrian Zhangxia Formation and fracture-karst water from the Cambrian Fengshan Formation to the Ordovician Sanshanzi Formation. The supply sources of the Zhenzhu Spring and Tanxi Spring are more diverse, including karst-fractured water of the Cambrian Zhangxia Formation and fracture-karst water of the Cambrian Fengshan Formation to the Ordovician Sanshanzi Formation, as well as a small amount of pore water and fissure water, artificial recharge water supply. Fourth, the frequency analysis of spring water temperature indicated that the Zhenzhu Spring and Tanxi Spring are mainly in deep circulation, while the Baotu Spring and Heihu Spring are predominantly in shallow circulation. The differences in the sources of the four largest spring groups suggest that the karst water movement in Jinan has heterogeneous characteristics. The determination of the mixing ratio of the sources of spring water supplies provides a scientific basis for the protection of spring water, and the implementation of artificial recharge projects.

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Section: Mixing Ratio Of Spring Water Supply Sourcementioning

confidence: 65%

Water Recharge of Jinan Karst Springs, Shandong, China

Zhu¹,

Xing

Meng

et al. 2020

Water

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“…En climas áridos, la existencia aun en pequeñas cantidades de bicarbonato sobre Ca + Mg en aguas de riego, llevarían a la formación de suelos sódicos (Sánchez et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Concentración iónica y metales pesados en el agua de riego de la cuenca del río Ayuquila-Tuxcacuesco-Armería

Villa

Zamorano

Guerrero

et al. 2017

Idesia

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RESUMENLos altos niveles de concentración de metales pesados en agua utilizada para riego representan un problema importante para la agricultura y la salud humana, así como para la biodiversidad, por tal motivo se realizó el presente trabajo en relación con la calidad del agua en la cuenca del río Ayuquila-Tuxcacuesco-Armería. El estudio se realizó entre febrero y abril de 2014, se tomaron 40 muestras de agua. Se analizaron el potencial de hidrógeno, la conductividad eléctrica (CE), aniones y cationes, así como As y metales pesados totales: Cd, Hg y Pb. En la distribución de la concentración iónica predominó el anión bicarbonato y el catión magnesio. Los metales pesados se determinaron utilizando la metodología recomendada por la EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) y APHA (American Public Health Association). Se comparó la calidad del agua con los criterios de la NOM-001- ECOL-1996, de EPA (1986) y SEDUE (1989. Los resultados mostraron valores bajos en la concentración de metales pesados en agua para riego agrícola y uso urbano, no así para aguas naturales, pues 100% de las muestras presentaron concentraciones por encima de los límites permisibles para Hg y 92,5% para Pb. La concentración más alta la presentó el Hg con valores de 0,0039 mg L -1 a 0,0203 mg L -1 , mientras que la menor con valores de 0,0007 mg L -1 a 0,0086 mg L -1 fue para el Pb. En cuanto a salinidad, las muestras entraron en las clasificaciones C2, C3 y C4, y en sodicidad todas se clasificaron como S1. En solidos totales disueltos la mayoría presentan valores entre 450-2.000 mg L -1 .Palabras clave: metales pesados, agua de riego, límites permisibles. -001-ECOL-1996, EPA (1986) and SEDESOL (1989 ABSTRACT High levels of heavy metals concentrations in water used for irrigation represent an important agriculture and human health problem as well as for biodiversity, for that reason this paper regarding water quality in the basin was conducted river

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“…Hydrogeochemical modeling was often applied to recreate genesis and determine groundwater flow routes [16][17][18], but it was costly for the data. Although the conductivity is not directly equivalent to the concentrations of the major ionic species, it always was used to study water components as a synthesized parameter [12,[19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple peaks in conductivity have been identified in most karst groundwater systems through plotting the frequency distribution of conductivity [22]. Each peak represents a different water source and frequency, which can also reflect the degree of karstification [23]. This method has been used in several case studies of karst groundwater systems [13,25,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for Identifying and Estimating Karst Groundwater Runoff Components Based on the Frequency Distributions of Conductivity and Discharge

Wang

Chen

Yan

et al. 2019

Water

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Identification and estimation of groundwater runoff components in karst groundwater systems to improve understanding of karst water circulation and water-rock interactions is essential for water resources assessment and development. A Gaussian mixture model is presented for identifying and estimating karst groundwater runoff components based on the frequency distributions of conductivity and discharge. Successful application of this method in the Heilongquan karst spring in South China showed that groundwater runoff components can be divided into 6–8 grades, corresponding to the grades of groundwater in karst fissures. The conductivity and discharge thresholds dividing fast and slow flow were determined to be approximately 300 μS cm−1 and 0.3 m3 s−1, respectively, with fast flow exhibiting lower conductivity and larger discharge. On an annual basis, fast flow occurred 9% of the time and accounted for 35% of total water volume. The results of the method compared favorably to that of hydrograph recession analysis. Estimation of groundwater runoff components based on frequency distributions of conductivity and discharge provides a novel alternative method for the quantitative evaluation of karst water resources.

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Hydrogeochemical tools applied to the study of carbonate aquifers: examples from some karst systems of Southern Spain

Cited by 32 publications

References 20 publications

Water Recharge of Jinan Karst Springs, Shandong, China

Water Recharge of Jinan Karst Springs, Shandong, China

Concentración iónica y metales pesados en el agua de riego de la cuenca del río Ayuquila-Tuxcacuesco-Armería

Method for Identifying and Estimating Karst Groundwater Runoff Components Based on the Frequency Distributions of Conductivity and Discharge

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