Hydrogeochemical processes and causative pollution sources in the highly urbanized crystalline aquifer system in Southern India

Surinaidu, L.; Nandan, M.J.; Kumar, K. Mahesh; Prasad, R.D.

doi:10.1016/j.geogeo.2022.100064

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Further, the other major process is considered agricultural practices due to the presence of moderate loadings, such as pH, TH, NO 3, and Cl, in this component. Consequently, the increasing amounts of NO 3 may be produced from local sanitation, and municipal wastes and associated with nutrient pollution due to the untreated urban setting and adjacent agriculture methods for many years [3]. PCA 2 accounted for 19.06% of the total variance and revealed that the sources of Ca, Mg, and HCO 3 may be attributed to the breakdown of calcium and gypsum types of minerals.…”

Section: Multivariate Statistical Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Groundwater has played a significant role in agriculture and household use in arid or semiarid regions, where surface water is scarce and of poor quality. Nevertheless, groundwater has become severely polluted as a result of increased industrialization and urbanization [1][2][3]. More than two-thirds of India's cities depend on groundwater as their primary source of drinking water, and water shortages occur when groundwater is contaminated [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reckoning Groundwater Quality and Hydrogeochemical Processes for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes under the Influence of Anthropogenic Activities, North India

et al. 2022

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The present study was carried out near an industrial area with a high-density urban population and large-scale agricultural activities. These anthropogenic activities lead to groundwater pollution and depletion of the water table. This study attempted to classify pollution sources and hydrochemical facies that help to ensure the suitability of water for agriculture and drinking. Irrigation suitability indexes, water quality index (WQI), principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were applied to twenty-six groundwater samples that were analysed during May 2018 for major cations and anion concentrations. The results revealed that the mechanism of groundwater chemistry has been controlled by the evaporation process with the dominance of hydrochemical facies viz., Ca-Mg-HCO3, Na-K-Cl-SO4, Ca-Mg-Cl, and Na-K-HCO3. The mean dominant concentration for cations is in the order of Ca2+ > Na+ > Mg2+ > K+ while anions are HCO3− > SO4− > Cl− > NO3− > CO32− > F−. Irrigation suitability indexes indicated that groundwater in the study area is high in saline and low to medium alkali hazards due to industrial activities. The PCA and HCA also recognized that most of the variations are elucidated by anthropogenic processes, predominantly due to excessive population, industrial emissions, and agricultural activities. Further, the WQI of the study area suggested that 15% of the samples were unsuitable, 69% poor, and the remaining 16% only suitable for drinking purposes. The present article helps to understand the suitability and hydrochemical processes of groundwater for irrigation and drinking, which will help policymakers in water supply planning and management.

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Section: Multivariate Statistical Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%