Hydrogeochemical controls and human health risk assessment of groundwater fluoride and boron in the semi-arid North East region of Ghana

Zango, Musah Saeed; Sunkari, Emmanuel Daanoba; Abu, Mahamuda; Lermi, Abdurrahman

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2019.106363

Cited by 98 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Correlation analysis: a multivariate statistical analysis method that can be used to evaluate the degree of correlation between two variables at significance levels. Previous studies have confirmed that two or more elements of significant correlation usually come from similar origins or are controlled by the same processes (Sunkari and Abu 2019;Zango et al 2019). 2.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Statistical analyses of groundwater chemistry in the Qingdong coalmine, northern Anhui province, China: implications for water–rock interaction and water source identification

Chen

Sun

Xu³

2021

Appl Water Sci

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Hydrochemistry of groundwater is important in coal mines because it can be used for understanding water–rock interaction and inrush water source identification. In this study, major ion concentrations of groundwater samples from the loose layer aquifer (LA), coal-bearing aquifer (CA) and Taiyuan Formation limestone aquifer (TA) in the Qingdong coal mine, northern Anhui province, China, have been analyzed by a series of statistical methods for identifying the source of chemical constituents in groundwater and the source of inrush water. The results indicate that the mean concentration of the major ions in the LA were ordered as follows: HCO3− > SO42− > Na+ + K+ > Cl− > Ca2+ > Mg2+ > CO32−, whereas average values of the CA in decreasing order are SO42−, Na+ + K+, HCO3−, Cl−, Ca2+, Mg2+ and CO32−, and the major ion concentrations of the TA have the following order: SO42− > Na+ + K+ > Ca2+ > HCO3− > Cl− > Mg2+ > CO32−, and most of the samples are Na-SO4 and Ca-SO4 types. TDS content in water increases with aquifer depth, whereas the pH values ranged from 7.1 to 8.9, indicating a weak alkaline environment. Two sources (weathering of silicate minerals and dissolution of evaporate minerals) have been identified by principal component analysis responsible for the chemical variations of the groundwater, and their contribution ratios have been quantified by Unmix model. Moreover, based on the Q-mode cluster and discriminant analyses, the samples with known sources have been identified correctly to be 95.7% and 97.6%, respectively, and the samples with unknown sources have been determined with high probability (78–100%).

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Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Weathering of silicate minerals (feldspars), dissolution of halite and cation exchange reaction are generally considered to be the major sources of Na + in groundwater (Zango et al 2019). As can be seen in Fig.…”

Section: Mechanism Controlling Groundwater Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical analyses of groundwater chemistry in the Qingdong coalmine, northern Anhui province, China: implications for water–rock interaction and water source identification

Chen

Sun

Xu³

2021

Appl Water Sci

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“…This suggests that F − is strongly related to reverse ion exchange processes in the aquifers [34]. F − also shows a positive correlation with pH, i.e., alkalinity, indicating that F − in fluoride-bearing minerals like biotite and muscovite was replaced by OH − ligands in groundwater [34,48,49]. Mn showed a strong positive correlation with pH (r = 0.57) and F − (r = 0.62), implying similar origins (water-rock interaction).…”

Section: Source Analysis and Implication For Sustainable Water Managementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Human health risk assessments proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [30] are among the most useful approaches for quantifying the degrees of potential risks of groundwater contaminants. This approach has been widely used to evaluate the potential health risks from water contaminants and provide scientific guidance for differential water supplies and cost-effective water treatments [13,[31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Groundwater Contamination and Health Implications in a Typical Semiarid Basin of North China

Yin

Xiao

Han³

et al. 2020

Water

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Groundwater chemistry and its potential health risks are as important as water availability in arid and semiarid regions. This study was conducted to determine the contamination and associated health threats to various populations in a semiarid basin of north China. A total of 78 groundwater samples were collected from the shallow unconfined aquifers. The results showed that the phreatic water was slightly alkaline, hard fresh water with ions in the order of Ca2+ > Na++K+ > Mg2+ and HCO3− > SO42− > Cl−. Four hydrochemical elements, NO3−, F−, Mn and Zn, exceeded the permissible limits. NO3− and F− contaminants may pose health risks to local residents, while the risks of Mn and Zn are negligible. Dermal exposure is safe for all populations, while the oral pathway is not. Minors (i.e., infants and children) are susceptible to both NO3− and F− contaminants, and adults only to NO3−. The susceptibility of various populations is in the order of infants > children > adult males > adult females. Anthropogenic activities are responsible for the elevated levels of NO3−, Zn, Total dissolved solids (TDS), while F− and Mn are from geogenic sources. Thus, differential water supplies, strict control of waste, and rational irrigation practices are encouraged in the basin.

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“…Water, Sanitation and Hygiene, commonly known as WASH have been the focus of many researchers in Africa in recent times ( Sanou et al, 2015 ; Elisante and Muzuka, 2016 ; Metwally et al, 2007 ; Adams, 2018 ; Back et al, 2018 ; Nhamo et al, 2019 ; Sunkari and Abu, 2019 ; Zango et al, 2019 ; Abanyie et al, 2020 ; Apanga et al, 2020 ; Mutono et al, 2020 ; Sunkari et al, 2020 ). Globally, it is well established that poor sanitation, unhygienic conditions and lack of quality water supply have been the cause of many illnesses and deaths.…”

Section: Sustainable Remedial Measures Of Sars-cov-2 Transmission In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in water systems in Africa: Are there any sustainable remedies?

Sunkari

Korboe

Abu³

et al. 2021

Science of The Total Environment

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Governments across the globe are currently besieged with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2. Although some countries have been largely affected by this pandemic, others are only slightly affected. In this regard, every government is taking precautionary measures to mitigate the adverse effects of COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in wastewater raising an alarm for Africa due to the poor water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities. Also, most countries in Africa do not have resilient policies governing sanitation and water management systems, which expose them to higher risk levels for the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, this study unearthed the likely sources and routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in water systems (mainly wastewater) in Africa through a holistic review of published works. This provided the opportunity to propose sustainable remedial measures, which can be extrapolated to most developing countries in the world. The principal sources and routes of potential transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in water systems are hospital sewage, waste from isolation and quarantine centres, faecal-oral transmission, contaminated surface and groundwater sources, and contaminated sewage. The envisioned overwhelming impact of these sources on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 through water systems in Africa suggests that governments need to put stringent and sustainable measures to curtail the scourge. Hence, it is proposed that governments in Africa must put measures like improved WASH facilities and public awareness campaigns, suburbanization of wastewater treatment facilities, utilizing low-cost point-of-use water treatment systems, legally backed policy interventions, and Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS). SARS-CoV-2 in water systems can be inactivated and destroyed by integrating ozonation, chlorination, UV irradiation, and sodium hypochlorite in low-cost point-of-use treatment systems. These proposed sustainable remedial measures can help policymakers in Africa to effectively monitor and manage the untoward impact of SARS-CoV-2 on water systems and consequently, on the health of the general public.

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Hydrogeochemical controls and human health risk assessment of groundwater fluoride and boron in the semi-arid North East region of Ghana

Cited by 98 publications

References 81 publications

Statistical analyses of groundwater chemistry in the Qingdong coalmine, northern Anhui province, China: implications for water–rock interaction and water source identification

Statistical analyses of groundwater chemistry in the Qingdong coalmine, northern Anhui province, China: implications for water–rock interaction and water source identification

Investigation of Groundwater Contamination and Health Implications in a Typical Semiarid Basin of North China

Sources and routes of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in water systems in Africa: Are there any sustainable remedies?

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