Hydrogeochemical and isotopic evaluation of groundwater with elevated arsenic in alkaline aquifers in Eastern Punjab, Pakistan

Mushtaq, Nisbah; Younas, Ayesha; Mashiatullah, A.; Javed, Tariq; Arslan, Ahmad; Farooqi, Abida

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.154

Cited by 67 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Samples (46,457 samples) analyzed in current study are more than in previous studies, and it was found that 2.53% samples have As > 50 μg/L, while 8.07% have As > 10 μg/L. Higher As is already reported in cities around rivers: Lahore [73], Kasur, Bahawalpur, Sahiwal, R-Y-Khan, Muzaffargarh [71], while current study (Fig. 2, Tables 1, 2, and 3 in supporting information) found mode of Lahore, Muzafar Garh, and Kasur was 50 μg/L, 50 μg/L, and 10 μg/L, respectively.…”

Section: Main Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 41%

“…Arsenic may release from earth crust due to geological settling [10,71], argillaceous and organic matter with fine-medium sands of Holocene alluvium [74][75][76]. Arsenic is desorbed from metal surface to the groundwater due to alkaline environment, as southeast have mostly alkaline groundwater [73]. Arsenic in shallow water is found to be higher than in groundwater because of anthropogenic sources like coal, diammonium phosphate [22] fertilizer, hydrofluorocarbon, and trifluoromethyl pesticide [22].…”

Section: Main Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socioeconomic and recharge effect on spatial changes in the groundwater chemistry of Punjab, Pakistan: a multivariate statistical approach

Khan

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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This study presents deterioration in groundwater quality of highly populated region of Punjab Province, Pakistan, by linking chemical data with rain, river recharge, and socioeconomic factors. Various chemical parameters like total dissolved solid (TDS), arsenic (As), fluoride (F − ), Iron (Fe), nitrate (NO 3 − ), nitrite (NO 2 − ), and pH were determined for 46,457 samples collected from 205,344 km 2 area of the Punjab. The samples were collected, stored, and analyzed as per the Environment Protection Agency (EPA) methods at laboratory. Commercial kits were used for analysis of Fe, As, NO 2 − , NO 3 − and F − , while TDS and pH were measured by respective meters. Chemical parameters were correlated with human and animal population, fertilizers consumption, tube wells, industrial density, rain occurrence, and river recharge rate. Data were analyzed using XLSTAT, and GIS 10.3 was used to draw the maps. Spatial classification of the districts was performed by principal component analysis and hierarchal cluster analysis.

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Section: Main Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 41%

Section: Main Contaminantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic and recharge effect on spatial changes in the groundwater chemistry of Punjab, Pakistan: a multivariate statistical approach

Khan

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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“…According to Figure 9, the high-As groundwater was mainly located between the rock weathering domain and evaporation domain, indicating that the hydrochemical compositions were influenced by evaporation except for the water-rock interaction. The effect of evaporation on arsenic accumulation in groundwater has been reported in many low-lying plains, such as the eastern Indus Plain [46], the Okavango Delta of Botswana [47], and Nazas and Aguanaval Rivers plain [48]. In the study area, the burial depth of the shallow groundwater table ranges between 2.0 m and 4.0 m and the hydraulic gradient is <0.3‰, which is conducive to the evaporation of shallow groundwater [28,49].…”

Section: Influences Of Evaporation On Arsenic Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Arsenic Groundwater in Paleochannels of the Lower Yellow River, China: Distribution and Genesis Mechanisms

Zhi

Cao

Wang

et al. 2021

Water

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High–arsenic (As) groundwater poses a serious threat to human health. The upper and middle reaches of the Yellow River are well–known areas for the enrichment of high–arsenic groundwater. However, little is known about the distribution characteristics and formation mechanism of high-As groundwater in the lower reach of the Yellow River. There were 203 groundwater samples collected in different groundwater systems of the lower Yellow River for the exploration of its hydrogeochemical characteristics. Results showed that more than 20% of the samples have arsenic concentrations exceeding 10 μg/L. The high-As groundwater was mainly distributed in Late Pleistocene–Holocene aquifers, and the As concentrations in the paleochannels systems (C2 and C4) were significantly higher than that of the paleointerfluve system (C3) and modern Yellow River affected system (C5). The high-As groundwater is characterized by high Fe2+ and NH4+ and low Eh and NO3−, indicating that reductive dissolution of the As–bearing iron oxides is probably the main cause of As release. The arsenic concentrations strikingly showed an increasing tendency as the HCO3− proportion increases, suggesting that HCO3− competitive adsorption may facilitate As mobilization, too. In addition, a Gibbs diagram showed that the evaporation of groundwater could be another significant hydrogeochemical processes, except for the water–rock interaction in the study area. Different sources of aquifer medium and sedimentary structure may be the main reasons for the significant zonation of the As spatial distribution in the lower Yellow River.

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“…Alkalinity is not a chemical in water, but, instead, it is a property of water-dependent on the presence of certain chemicals in the water, such as bicarbonates, carbonates, and hydroxides. Groundwater aquifers with high alkalinity will experience less of a change in its acidity, such as acidic water, such as acid rain or an acid spill, introduced into the water body [107][108][109]. In a surface water body, such as a lake, the water's alkalinity comes mostly from the lake's rocks and land.…”

Section: Physical Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed Hydrogeological and Hydrochemical Reassessment of Coastal Basins of Southwestern Nigeria

2021

Geol Earth Mar Sci

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prolonged residence time in the aquifer and saltwater intrusion account for the variability of hydrochemistry of groundwater in coastal aquifers [1,[11][12][13][14]. The hydrochemistry of coastal aquifers of southwestern Nigeria is highly variable due to variation in geological configurations and human activities. Groundwater contamination stemming from human activities, and inadequate sewage discharge is on the rise in Nigeria [15][16][17]. Consequently, groundwater utilized for domestic uses is problematic and hence calls for scientific scrutiny. Examining hydrochemistry and groundwater quality in coastal regions is crucial to monitor and detect groundwater contaminants sources [18][19][20][21]. Groundwater quality analysis in Abeokuta South, Nigeria by Emenike, Nnaji [17] showed that water quality parameters exhibited wide variations from location to location. Sodium, magnesium, iron (++), and EC showed the most violation of drinking water quality standards. Anthropogenetic actions are escalating threat to groundwater quality and thus call for routine monitoring of groundwater in Abeokuta. Statistical and hydrochemical modelling of groundwater quality southwestern Nigeria showed a conjunctive imprint of anthropogenic and geogenic activities influencing the increasing dissolved chemical constituents in the groundwaters

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Hydrogeochemical and isotopic evaluation of groundwater with elevated arsenic in alkaline aquifers in Eastern Punjab, Pakistan

Cited by 67 publications

References 45 publications

Socioeconomic and recharge effect on spatial changes in the groundwater chemistry of Punjab, Pakistan: a multivariate statistical approach

Socioeconomic and recharge effect on spatial changes in the groundwater chemistry of Punjab, Pakistan: a multivariate statistical approach

High-Arsenic Groundwater in Paleochannels of the Lower Yellow River, China: Distribution and Genesis Mechanisms

Detailed Hydrogeological and Hydrochemical Reassessment of Coastal Basins of Southwestern Nigeria

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