Hydrogenation of epoxidized natural rubber in the presence of palladium acetate catalyst

Bhattacharjee, Sukanta; Bhowmick, Anil K.; Avasthi, B. N.

doi:10.1016/0032-3861(93)90265-c

Cited by 32 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…61 Several studies were conducted on the hydrogenation of natural rubber. Bhattacharjee et al 131 studied the depolymerization of epoxidized natural rubber by using C 4 H 6 O 4 Pd as catalyst. Combined with epoxy groups, the catalyst played a remarkable role in the breakage of carbon double bonds.…”

Section: Hydrogenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infrared and nuclear magnetic spectroscopy techniques were used to analyze the products. 131 Mahittikul et al 132 examined the hydrogenation of natural rubber latex by using using iridium catalyst ([Ir(cod)(PCy 3 )(py)]PF 6 )). In monochlorobenzene, [Ir(cod)(PCy 3 )(py)]PF 6 was found to be an effective catalyst for hydrogenation of natural rubber latex.…”

Section: Hydrogenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential use of natural rubber to produce liquid fuels using hydrous pyrolysis – a review

2016

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Natural rubber is a tropical plantation crop that mainly consists of hydrocarbon polyisoprene (cis-1,4-polyisoprene). Rubber can be converted through depolymerization into liquid, which can be used as fuels or chemical feedstock. This paper provides information on natural rubber and its alternative sources worldwide. Although we focus on hydrous pyrolysis, we also introduced various depolymerization processes, including pyrolysis, gasification, chemical degradation, catalytic cracking and hydrogenation. Hydrous pyrolysis improves the depolymerization process, such that raw materials can be fed without requiring a drying process. This process can also be conducted at low temperatures, and water can be solely used as reaction medium and can be easily separated from the oil product. This paper also reviews the role of process parameters such as temperature, rubber to water ratio, reaction time, and type of gases on product quality and quantity. Moreover, this study highlights the environmental and economic feasibility of hydrous pyrolysis.

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Section: Hydrogenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hydrogenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential use of natural rubber to produce liquid fuels using hydrous pyrolysis – a review

2016

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“…When palladium acetate ((CH 3 CO 2 ) 2 Pd) was used as a catalyst for the hydrogenation of NBR [74] and styrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymer (SIS) [75], the catalyst showed good selectivity. This catalyst also showed activity for the hydrogenation of natural rubber and epoxidized natural rubber [76]. This catalyst also showed activity for the hydrogenation of natural rubber and epoxidized natural rubber [76].…”

Section: R-c:nmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Some examples of the hydrogenation of unsaturated rubber catalyzed by palladium complexes have been reported by Bhattacharjee et al [74][75][76][77][78]. When palladium acetate ((CH 3 CO 2 ) 2 Pd) was used as a catalyst for the hydrogenation of NBR [74] and styrene-isoprene-styrene triblock copolymer (SIS) [75], the catalyst showed good selectivity.…”

Section: R-c:nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation of Polymers

Rempel¹,

Pan²,

Wu³

2006

The Handbook of Homogeneous Hydrogenation

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“…Gan et al 5 used 1 H NMR spectroscopy to measure the extent of hydrogenation in NR using catalytic hydrogenation. Bhattacharjee et al 6 studied the hydrogenation of NR and ENR by using hydrogen gas and palladium acetate as a catalyst, and found that the rate constant of hydrogenation decreases when the epoxide content in the rubber is increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman spectroscopic study of non‐catalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated rubbers

Samran

Phinyocheep

Daniel

et al. 2004

J Raman Spectroscopy

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The non-catalytic hydrogenation of natural rubber (NR) and two epoxidized NRs (ENRs) i.e. ENR-22 and ENR-40 containing 22 and 40 mol% of epoxide, respectively, was carried out using ptoluenesulfonylhydrazide (TSH) as a hydrogenating agent. A two-fold molar excess of TSH compared with unsaturated units of the rubber was used. The evidence of hydrogenation is a decrease in the intensity of the characteristic signal of the carbon-carbon double bond stretching vibration of the rubber in both the Raman and FT-IR spectra. The percentage hydrogenation was successfully determined by Raman spectroscopy since the vibrational mode of the carbon-carbon unsaturation is strongly Raman active. The progress of the hydrogenation could be monitored by means of the techniques mentioned above as a function of reaction time. The maximum degree of hydrogenation of NR is ∼89% whereas in the case of ENR-22 and ENR-40 it reaches 94 and 96%, respectively. Solid-state 13 C NMR spectroscopy was also used to confirm the microstructure characteristics of the hydrogenated rubbers. 13 C NMR analysis showed that cis-trans isomerization of carbon-carbon unsaturations occur during hydrogenation.

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Hydrogenation of epoxidized natural rubber in the presence of palladium acetate catalyst

Cited by 32 publications

References 11 publications

Potential use of natural rubber to produce liquid fuels using hydrous pyrolysis – a review

Potential use of natural rubber to produce liquid fuels using hydrous pyrolysis – a review

Homogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenation of Polymers

Raman spectroscopic study of non‐catalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated rubbers

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