Hydrogen trapping models in steel

Krom, A.H.M.; Bakker, A.

doi:10.1007/s11663-000-0032-0

Cited by 238 publications

(151 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…This may influence the subsequent D retention. On the other hand, the microscopic processes, such as diffusion, trapping, and surface recombination and desorption are strongly temperature dependent and may contribute differently at different temperatures [21,22]. As described in Sec.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of nitrogen pre-implantation on deuterium retention in tungsten

et al. 2014

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Abstract:The influence of nitrogen (N) pre-implantation on the deuterium (D) retention in tungsten (W) at different temperatures was investigated. Bulk W samples were exposed to D plasma with a fluence of 110 24 D/m 2 with or without nitrogen pre-implantation at 300 K and 500 K, respectively. Nuclear reaction analysis was applied for the determination of N content and D retention in the near surface. Optical microscopy was used to investigate the surface modification by blistering after implantation. It is shown that, the W:N layers formed during the N preimplantation play very different roles on D retention and blistering in the samples at different temperatures. At 500 K, the W:N layer seems to enhance D diffusion into the bulk by suppressing D loss from the surface, which results in a much higher D concentration in the bulk and larger blisters than without N pre-implantation. At 300 K, the effect of this layer is much less pronounced than that at 500 K.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of nitrogen pre-implantation on deuterium retention in tungsten

et al. 2014

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“…The idea is to describe the fill level dependent trapping using the same basic principles as in conventional diffusion trapping models 7,11 . Diffusion follows Fick's second law and trapping is controlled by Arrhenius type pre-factors.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the latter it is considered trapped and immobile until it de-traps into a solute site and continues to diffuse according to Fick's second law. The traps have fixed binding energies, different for each trap type and do not depend on the occupancy level of hydrogen in the trap 7,8,11 . The de-trapping step is thermally activated and is usually described by an Arrhenius type expression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport of hydrogen in metals with occupancy dependent trap energies

Schmid

Toussaint

Schwarz-Selinger

2014

Journal of Applied Physics

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Common diffusion trapping models for modeling hydrogen transport in metals are limited to traps with single de-trapping energies and a saturation occupancy of one.While they are successful in predicting typical mono isotopic ion implantation and thermal degassing experiments, they fail at describing recent experiments on isotope exchange at low temperatures. This paper presents a new modified diffusion trapping model with fill level dependent de-trapping energies that can also explain these new isotope exchange experiments. DFT calculations predict that even mono vacancies can store between 6 and 12 H atoms with de-trapping energies that depend on the fill level of the mono vacancy. The new fill level dependent diffusion trapping model allows to test these DFT results by bridging the gap in length and time scale between DFT calculations and experiment.

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“…To model the implantation and retention of hydrogen species in metals typically diffusion trapping models are used [6,11]. They are based on Fick's second law of diffusion with additional source (i.e implantation) and sink (i.e.…”

Section: Thermal Effusion Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of hydrogen retention in W and W/Ta alloys

Schmid¹,

Rieger²,

Manhard³

2012

Journal of Nuclear Materials

107

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The extreme brittleness of tungsten (W) is one of the challenges of using W as first wall material. One attempt to alleviate this problem is to use W alloys with better mechanical properties. However these alloying elements must not degrade the favorable properties of W with respect to its application at the first wall of fusion devices: low sputter yield and hydrogen inventory. In this work we investigate the hydrogen retention in the recently proposed W/Ta alloys under deuterium ion bombardment. By directly comparing pure W and W/Ta alloys with 1% and 5% Ta content we found that the W/Ta alloys retain significantly more hydrogen than pure W under identical implantation conditions. Our finding of increased hydrogen retention together with the fact that the Ta alloying did not improve the brittleness makes W/Ta alloys an unacceptable choice for the first wall of fusion devices.

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Hydrogen trapping models in steel

Cited by 238 publications

References 26 publications

Influence of nitrogen pre-implantation on deuterium retention in tungsten

Influence of nitrogen pre-implantation on deuterium retention in tungsten

Transport of hydrogen in metals with occupancy dependent trap energies

Comparison of hydrogen retention in W and W/Ta alloys

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