Hydrogen transport in nickel base stainless alloys

Mezzanotte, D.A.; Kargol, J.A.; Fiore, N.F.

doi:10.1007/bf02645500

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 23 publications

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“…Consequently, austenitic steels have excellent toughness, impact strength, high ductility, and do not suffer from lower temperature ductile-tobrittle transitions which could be consequential when the reactor is not in operation. 304 SS is also less susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement and leakage than its nickel-based cladding counterpart [61][62][63] and is less susceptible to σ-phase embrittlement in comparison to other BCC steels [64].…”

Section: Cladding Composition and Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

MARVEL Reactor Fuel Performance Report

Evans

Keiser

Sweet

2023

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The Microreactor Applications Research Validation and EvaLuation (MARVEL) project is producing a high temperature liquid metal-cooled nuclear test bed at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to ultimately improve integration of microreactors to end-user applications. This ambitious effort seeks to design, authorize, construct, test, and operate the reactor within five years. In order to construct and operate the MARVEL reactor in a timely manner, the system will utilize materials and component designs which have already been used, qualified, or licensed from previous reactors. The MARVEL reactor will be located at the INL Transient Reactor Test (TREAT) facility in the north high-bay equipment pit and will use the existing 304 stainless steel-clad U-ZrH 1.6 pin-type fuel system developed by General Atomics and purchased from TRIGA International. This fuel has been previously qualified under the United States Department of Energy's Reduced Enrichment for Research and Test Reactors (RERTR) Program.Even though the regulator of the MARVEL reactor is the United States Department of Energy, the standards and approach recommended by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission is well-defined and utilized here. Following NUREG-1537 regulatory guidance, this report documents the authorization case for the MARVEL fuel system's application to MARVEL and establishes stable and predictable fuel performance during the most thermophysically unfavorable conditions achievable in the MARVEL reactor. To that end, this report provides a comprehensive survey of the known thermophysical properties, performance, and quantitative relationships associated with the MARVEL reactor fuel element and uses this information to determine its mechanical integrity and risk of reaching unacceptable conditions during the most extreme accident scenarios predicted for the reactor using the most conservative assumptions available. The information contained herein is compiled from a combination of historical reports and peer reviewed scientific publication manuscripts. Known mechanisms under which the fuel is susceptible to failure are highlighted and compared to conditions that could exist in the MARVEL reactor during an unanticipated transient or accident scenario.The two scenarios considered for analysis in this report are (1) an unprotected loss of flow accident and (2) a hypothetical unprotected loss of coolant accident during the loss of flow accident. Preliminary 2D steady-state analyses herein indicate that both fuel-cladding chemical interactions and fuel-cladding mechanical interactions are negligible throughout the fuel's operational cycle under both normal and high temperature accident scenario conditions. Although higher fidelity 3D time-dependent modeling and simulations are planned, the following may be concluded presently. The MARVEL fuel element maintains its geometric stability and structural integrity during the most extreme accident scenarios predicted for the MARVEL reactor. The hoop stress during the unprotected loss of flow accident reaches a...

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Section: Cladding Composition and Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

MARVEL Reactor Fuel Performance Report

Evans

Keiser

Sweet

2023

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The Role of Traps in Determining the Resistance to Hydrogen Embrittlement

Pound

1994

Hydrogen Effects in Materials

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Hydrogen Ingress during Corrosion

Pound

2003

Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry

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The sections in this article are Introduction Hydrogen Evolution General Mechanisms Reaction Kinetics Hydrogen Absorption Mechanisms Promoters of Hydrogen Entry Inhibitors of Hydrogen Entry Solubility of Hydrogen Hydrogen Diffusion Diffusion Kinetics Hydrogen Trapping Hydrogen Antitrapping Methods to Study Trapping Electrochemical Techniques Permeation Techniques Potentiostatic Charging Galvanostatic Charging Time‐dependent Entry Kinetics Effect of Trapping Pulse Techniques Potentiostatic Pulse Galvanostatic Pulse Triangular Pulse Potentiometric Techniques Alternating Current Technique Surface Effects of the Metal and Films Diffusion Control Experimental Issues Selected Metals Palladium Iron and Steel Nickel Hydrogen Degradation Classification Hydrogen Trapping Theories Internal Pressure Surface Energy Decohesion Slip Softening Hydrogen‐related Phase Changes Alloys Steels Stainless Steels Nickel Alloys Titanium Alloys

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Hydrogen transport in nickel base stainless alloys

Cited by 12 publications

References 23 publications

MARVEL Reactor Fuel Performance Report

MARVEL Reactor Fuel Performance Report

The Role of Traps in Determining the Resistance to Hydrogen Embrittlement

Hydrogen Ingress during Corrosion

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