Hydrogen storage characteristics of bio‐based porous carbons of different origin: A comparative review

Abstract

Summary Activated carbons (ACs) from biomass sources have attracted attention due to their superior properties including, easy preparation, abundant raw materials, ready availability, low cost, low mass density, high specific surface area and micropore volume, fast and reversible kinetics, structural diversity, and sustainable regeneration. Due to their tunable aspects, bio‐derived ACs are among the most promising materials for the storage of hydrogen. In this contribution, the comparative evaluation of various carbon materials prepared from biomass sources for hydrogen storage applications is aimed. To carry out this goal, literature related to ACs having different chemical nature from a variety of precursors using various preparation methodology are compiled, and compared in terms of their characterization to correlate the surface characteristics with their hydrogen storage performances, focusing on the effects of the type of precursors/activating agents, and major affecting operational variables. An overview on the preparation, characterization, and analysis methods, hydrogen storage performances of biosorbents from different kinds of biomass, perspectives, and challenges are presented.

Valorization of spent disposable wooden chopstick as the CO2 adsorbent for a CO2/H2 mixed gas purification

“…However, the production of ACs from these finite resources is expensive, requires intensive regeneration, and cannot serve a high and increasing demand for global AC consumption 12 Thus, a plethora of research have focused on the synthesis of ACs from sustainable resources, such as biomass/agricultural wastes 14 , 16 , 24 , 35 – 38 , municipal wastes 30 , 32 , 39 , and industrial wastes 40 – 42 . The production of AC from wastes is not only a sustainable process but also an environmentally friendly and a cost-effective strategy based on the reduction of waste disposal and the low production cost of AC 43 .…”

A comprehensive review of the prospects for future hydrogen storage in materials‐application and outstanding issues

“…Nevertheless, the storage of hydrogen remains challenging. Currently, the hydrogen storage can be accomplished through (i) compressed gas, (ii) cryo‐liquid, and (iii) solid storage media, that is, metal hydrides, complex hydrides, and/or carbon materials 50,51 . These methods are widely used and have attractive hydrogen storage qualities 52,53 .…”

Influence of the interaction between activation conditions on the pore structure and CO 2 uptake of the prepared macadamia nutshell‐based activated carbon

“…Activated carbon derived from biomass as a CO 2 adsorbent is consistent with sustainable development and is favored by many researchers 19 . As a nut food with a huge consumer market, macadamia nuts have a large output in China, and macadamia nutshells are the main by‐product in the production process 20 . The annual production of macadamia nutshells is huge, but there is no efficient way to use them, only as crop waste disposal.…”

“…19 As a nut food with a huge consumer market, macadamia nuts have a large output in China, and macadamia nutshells are the main by-product in the production process. 20 The annual production of macadamia nutshells is huge, but there is no efficient way to use them, only as crop waste disposal. Research analysis found that the carbon content of the macadamia nutshell is high and the ash content is extremely low, so the macadamia nutshell is an ideal precursor.…”