Hydrogen-rich gas production through steam gasification of charcoal pellet

Bartocci, Pietro; Zampilli, Mauro; Bidini, Gianni; Fantozzi, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.01.016

Cited by 46 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Research on obtaining hydrogen-rich gas from charcoal or biomass was conducted in Reference [15]. Hydrogen production from biomass was reviewed by the authors of [16].…”

Section: Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigations of Innovative Biomass Energy Harnessing Solutions

et al. 2018

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Leather processing for commercial purposes involves going through a set of complex and laborious operations, resulting in over 70% waste relative to the initial feedstock; a quarter of this waste is produced in Europe. Worldwide there are about 36,000 companies active in this sector, generating a turnover of almost 48 billion euros. As in any industrial sector, waste recovery is a highly researched topic, with alternatives for its use being constantly considered. One of the most interesting solutions to this problem consists of using part of the waste for power applications. For instance, the 10% fats from total animal waste could well be employed to power diesel engines, both in raw state or as biodiesel. The remainder, which contains mostly proteins, can be exploited to obtain biogas through anaerobic digestion. This paper presents the results of experimental determinations on the combustion of animal fats and compares it to other biofuels, such as vegetable oils and solid biomass. The advantages of co-firing hydrogen-rich gas (HRG) and vegetable biomass are also analyzed. According to the presented results, combustion of the investigated fuels has a lower impact on the environment, with the concentration of pollutants in the flue gases being low. Thus, the paper proves that all the proposed solutions are ecological alternatives for biomass exploitation for energy recovery purposes, based on comparing the results in terms of pollutant emissions. This paper provides qualitative and quantitative perspectives on multiple alternatives of energy recovery from biomass resources, while also briefly describing the methods and equipment used to this end.

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“…Research on obtaining hydrogen-rich gas from charcoal or biomass was conducted in Reference [15]. Hydrogen production from biomass was reviewed by the authors of [16].…”

Section: Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigations of Innovative Biomass Energy Harnessing Solutions

et al. 2018

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“…The use of alternative energies, such as hydrogen (H 2 ) and methane (CH 4 ), has been studied. Studies on H 2 are usually focused on the production process [1][2][3], while those on CH 4 are mainly concentrated on its storage and transport. Methane is one of the most significant sources of energy from natural or purified biogas due to large resources with minimal environmental impacts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Methane Storage Capacity Using Upgraded Activated Carbon by KOH

et al. 2018

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In this study, a feasible experiment on adsorbed natural gas (ANG) was performed using activated carbons (ACs) with high surface areas. Upgraded ACs were prepared using chemical activation with potassium hydroxide, and were then applied as adsorbents for methane (CH4) storage. This study had three principal objectives: (i) upgrade ACs with high surface areas; (ii) evaluate the factors regulating CH4 adsorption capacity; and (iii) assess discharge conditions for the delivery of CH4. The results showed that upgraded ACs with surface areas of 3052 m2/g had the highest CH4 storage capacity (0.32 g-CH4/g-ACs at 3.5 MPa), which was over two times higher than the surface area and storage capacity of low-grade ACs (surface area = 1152 m2/g, 0.10 g-CH4/g-ACs). Among the factors such as surface area, packing density, and heat of adsorption in the ANG system, the heat of adsorption played an important role in controlling CH4 adsorption. The released heat also affected the CH4 storage and enhanced available applications. During the discharge of gas from the ANG system, the residual amount of CH4 increased as the temperature decreased. The amount of delivered gas was confirmed using different evacuation flow rates at 0.4 MPa, and the highest efficiency of delivery was 98% at 0.1 L/min. The results of this research strongly suggested that the heat of adsorption should be controlled by both recharging and discharging processes to prevent rapid temperature change in the adsorbent bed.

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“…At the same university research center, a pyrolysis unit or steam gasification plant has been developed that produces hydrogen from charcoal with very high efficiency (hydrogen concentration was 58.26%). The advantage of using charcoal instead of biomass in the gasification process is to reduce tar content also [43]. The above two experimental programs demonstrate the importance of the heat of reaction and physical structure of the material in the pyrolysis gas generation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Modeling of Some Operating Parameters Required for the Development of Fixed Bed Small Scale Pyrolysis Plant

Bacskai

Madar²,

Fogarassy

et al. 2019

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In recent years, we have read a lot of research aimed at creating a small, easy-to-mobilize pyrolysis unit. But these devices were not efficiently designed. According to literature data, small equipment (5.0–50 kW) has to be considered differently on the combustion aspects, compared to a larger pyrolysis unit. The main purpose of our research is to determine the operating characteristics of a small fixed bedding CHP (combined heat and power) pyrolysis power plant. At the design stage, it is also critical to know the properties of the biomass (usually different biological wastes) used on the input side. The use of a wide diversity of biomass waste may result in the volume of material remains and the energy produced is not usable in the right form. To obtain a clear picture of the combustion conditions, a fixed bedding pilot pyrolysis device was made. With the measurements in the experimental apparatus, we have a clearer picture of the changes in some of combustion parameters. We have examined exactly how the size and hardness of biomass materials affect the efficiency of pyrolysis. By modelling the “mass change”—with the knowledge of the material content, physical characteristics, and the parameters of the pyrolysis equipment—the amount of the expected material remains, and combustion conditions can be predicted with a mathematical function. We have found an appropriate mathematical model (R2 = 0.8758) to describe the relationship between gas production and material structure for a given period.

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Hydrogen-rich gas production through steam gasification of charcoal pellet

Cited by 46 publications

References 24 publications

Experimental Investigations of Innovative Biomass Energy Harnessing Solutions

Experimental Investigations of Innovative Biomass Energy Harnessing Solutions

The Effects of Methane Storage Capacity Using Upgraded Activated Carbon by KOH

Modeling of Some Operating Parameters Required for the Development of Fixed Bed Small Scale Pyrolysis Plant

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