Hydrogen pumping effect induced by fuel starvation in a single cell of a PEM fuel cell stack at galvanostatic operation

Yang, Xiaoling; Ye, Qiang; Cheng, Ping

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.07.011

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(23 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As the operating pressures of the cathode and anode sides for the modeled fuel cell are equal in this paper, the hydraulic permeation effects are deemed to be negligible. Consequently, the governing equation for the transport of dissolved water is described as follows [45]:…”

Section: Transport Of Dissolved Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of conventional and unconventional designs of cathode flow fields in PEM fuel cell

Azarafza

Ismail

Rezakazemi

et al. 2019

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The choice of an appropriate flow field distributor is crucial to circumvent mass and charge transfer resistance-related issues in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). In this work, incorporating all the anisotropic nature of the gas diffusion layers (GDLs), a three-dimensional, multiphase CFD model is built to perform a comparative study of several types of cathode flow field designs. Three conventional (i.e. parallel, serpentine and interdigitated) and two recently-introduced (i.e. parallel with blocks and the metal foam) flow field designs were considered for the cathode side. The results showed that the best fuel cell performance is obtained with the metal foam flow field as it induces the lowest water saturation, the lowest values and more uniform distribution of current density and temperature as well as relatively medium pressure drop. Compared with the parallel flow field case, the peak power density increases by about 50% when using the metal foam flow field and by about 10% when using the other three investigated flow fields (i.e. serpentine, interdigitated and parallel with blocks). The parametric analysis reveals that the metal foam outperforms other designs at intermediate and high humidity conditions whereas the interdigitated flow field design outperforms other designs at low humidity conditions.

show abstract

Section: Transport Of Dissolved Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative study of conventional and unconventional designs of cathode flow fields in PEM fuel cell

Azarafza

Ismail

Rezakazemi

et al. 2019

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The main cause of cell polarity reversal is that the fuel cell cannot satisfy the requisition of the electron and proton from the normal anode and cathode chemical reactions [17]. This key factor occurs in some improper or nonstandard operations, such as fuel and air sub-stoichiometric feeding, rapid load change, low catalyst performance, control module failure, and so on.…”

Section: Causes Of Cell Reversalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are three key points to define the sick fuel cell: (1) low electrode performance; (2) low fuel supply; (3) low air or oxygen supply. By filling the current requirements, the sick cell would be self-abandoned to conduct some different reaction under high potential, like carbon oxidation, water oxidation in an anode, or hydrogen evolution in a cathode [17]. Hydrogen evolution occurs in the cathode catalyst layer, close to the proton exchange membrane; hydrogen re-oxidization is in the other part of the cathode catalyst layer; and ORR occurs between the cathode catalyst layer and the cathode gas diffusion layer.…”

Section: Causes Of Cell Reversalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Reversal: A Review

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:The H 2 /air-fed proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has two major problems: cost and durability, which obstruct its pathway to commercialization. Cell reversal, which would create irreversible damage to the fuel cell and shorten its lifespan, is caused by reactant starvation, load change, low catalyst performance, and so on. This paper will summarize the causes, consequences, and mitigation strategies of cell reversal of PEMFC in detail. A description of potential change in the anode and cathode and the differences between local starvation and overall starvation are reviewed, which gives a framework for comprehending the origins of cell reversal. According to the root factor of cell starvation, i.e., fuel cells do not satisfy the requirements of electrons and protons of normal anode and cathode chemical reactions, we will introduce specific methods to mitigate or prevent fuel cell damage caused by cell reversal in the view of system management strategies and component material modifications. Based on a comprehensive understanding of cell reversal, it is beneficial to operate a fuel cell stack and extend its lifetime.

show abstract

“…Cell interaction can lead to shorter life for a stack . Yang et al investigated the characteristics of a single cell in a stack under hydrogen starvation condition and demonstrated the complexity of the coupled phenomena in the cell reversal. Liang et al reported the hydrogen starvation phenomenon of a cell in a stack and found a “vacuum effect” that withdraws hydrogen from the manifold into anode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study and mitigation of abnormal behavior of cell voltage in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack

Luo

Jian

2019

Int J Energy Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary The aim of this study is to investigate the abnormal behavior of cell voltage in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack and a mitigation strategy. The proposed strategy is simple and requires only a three‐way solenoid valve to replace the direct way solenoid valve of the original system. It is applied to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack with a dead‐ended anode to verify its validity. The behavior of the cell voltages in the stack is discussed in detail, especially the cell reversal process. The results show that the proposed strategy can significantly reduce the severity of hydrogen starvation. And the maximum power of the stack is increased by 10.67%. It is a sudden increase related to cell reversal mitigation. Uneven hydrogen distribution is the cause of low cell voltage and cell reversal. This strategy increases the cell voltage by increasing the hydrogen content in the anode flow channel downstream. It also significantly reduces the fluctuations in cell voltage and improves the uniformity of the cell voltage. This experimental study contributes to mitigate hydrogen starvation in cells of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks in application.

show abstract

Hydrogen pumping effect induced by fuel starvation in a single cell of a PEM fuel cell stack at galvanostatic operation

Cited by 32 publications

References 49 publications

Comparative study of conventional and unconventional designs of cathode flow fields in PEM fuel cell

Comparative study of conventional and unconventional designs of cathode flow fields in PEM fuel cell

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Reversal: A Review

Experimental study and mitigation of abnormal behavior of cell voltage in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About