Hydrogen Production from Water Splitting through Photocatalytic Activity of Carbon‐Based Materials

Abstract

Hydrogen is a free, limitless, and environmentally friendly resource. To enhance the production performance of hydrogen by photocatalytic water splitting, its preparation and application was investigated using carbon-based materials (graphene, graphite, carbon nanotubes, activated carbon). Photocatalytic hydrogen processing is among the most promising strategies for ensuring long-term energy stability and preventing further environmental degradation. The selection of co-catalysts and sacrificial agents to support the main catalyst is crucial for increasing hydrogen production. Several analyses were conducted to examine the characteristics as well as the use of various parameters to determine how carbonaceous materials would improve hydrogen production.

Continuous Flow Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Water Synergistically Activated by TiO2, Gold Nanoparticles, and Carbon Nanotubes

“…These values show an 8-fold increase in hydrogen production, compared to experiments conducted with TiO 2 under the same reaction conditions, but without CNT (1497 vs. 12,273 µmol g −1 h −1 ). A control experiment, conducted with CNT in the absence of TiO 2 , led to no hydrogen evolution, suggesting that the carbonaceous platform has an activating effect on TiO 2 [ 34 ]. In addition, a macroscopic change in the appearance of the CNT/TiO 2 mixture was observed after irradiation.…”

Visible – Light Driven Systems: Effect of the Parameters Affecting Hydrogen Production through Photoreforming of Organics in Presence of Cu₂O/TiO₂ Nanocomposite Photocatalyst

“…Photocatalytic processes are generally reported to be poorly influenced by the temperature, as the electron-hole generation mainly depends on the radiation intensity [42]. However, the temperature may improve the activity of the system, being able to (i) increase the reaction rate of the hydrogen generation and (ii) improve the product desorption from the catalyst [43]. Thus, temperature helps hydrogen generation reaction compete more effectively with charge carries recombination, as reported by different authors [44][45][46].…”

Electro-oxidation reconstitution of aluminium copper MOF-derived metal oxyhydroxides for a robust OER process

“…However IrO 2 and RuO 2 are not frequently employed in actual commercial applications because of their small reserves, high cost, and unstable nature. [7][8][9][10][11] There is a lot of interest in transition metal-based materials (TMMs) as alternatives to precious metal-based materials because they have enormous reserves and various electronic structures that make them appropriate for binding to intermediates. [12][13][14] Metal oxides (MOs), metal hydroxides (MOHs), and metal oxy-hydroxides (MOOHs) are a few of the compounds that have a major impact on the success of the fundamental O 2 evolution process.…”