Hydrogen production from catalytic steam reforming of biodiesel byproduct glycerol: Issues and challenges

Dou, Binlin; Song, Yongchen; Wang, Chao; Chen, Haisheng; Xu, Yujie

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2013.11.029

Cited by 201 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Three different thermodynamic packages (PRSV, Twu-Sim-Tasonee and Lee-Kesler-Plöcker) were used. H 2 , CO, CO 2 and CH 4 on the one hand and glycerol, acetic acid, and methanol on the other were selected as possible steam reforming products and non-consumed reagents, respectively, for the Gibbs energy minimisation calculations [4,[20][21][22][23][24]. In addition, the thermodynamic formation of solid C was considered negligible under the operating conditions employed, which is in accordance with the results of other thermodynamic studies [5,[24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Theoretical Reforming Studysupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Table 4 shows the simulations performed and the results obtained in the theoretical study. The simulations predict a complete transformation of the glycerol, acetic acid and methanol present in the refined glycerol to H 2 , CO 2 , CO and CH 4 within the whole range of temperature and crude glycerol concentrations (S/C ratios) studied in this work.…”

Section: Glycerol Purificationmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The first consists of its purification to obtain high purity glycerol for use in, for example, the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries [1,3]. The second option is to upgrade crude glycerol to produce different value-added chemicals and/or energy using different valorisation routes such as gasification, steam reforming, aqueous phase reforming and supercritical reforming, among others [4,5]. This work is focused on H 2 production from crude glycerol, a biodiesel by-product, which consists not only of glycerol but also of many other chemicals [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis and optimisation of H2 production from crude glycerol by steam reforming using a novel two step process

Remón

Jarauta-Córdoba

García

et al. 2016

Fuel Processing Technology

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This work studies the valorisation of biodiesel-derived glycerol to produce a hydrogen rich gas by means of a two-step sequential process. Firstly, the crude glycerol was purified with acetic acid to reduce problematical impurities. The effect of the final pH (5-7) on the neutralisation process was addressed and it was found that a pH of 6 provided the best phase separation and the greatest glycerol purity. Secondly, the refined glycerol was upgraded by catalytic steam reforming and this step was theoretically and experimentally studied. The theoretical study analyses the effect of the temperature (400-700 ºC), glycerol concentration (10-50 wt.%) and N 2 (225-1347 cm 3 STP/min) and liquid flow (0.5-1 mL/min) rates on the thermodynamic composition of the gas. The results show that the temperature and glycerol concentration exerted the greatest influence on the thermodynamics. The experimental study considers the effect of the temperature (400-700 ºC), glycerol concentration (10-50 wt.%) and spatial time (3-17 g catalyst min/ g glycerol) on the product distribution in carbon basis (gas, liquid and solid) and on the composition of the gas and liquid phases. The experiments were planned according to a 2 level 3 factor Box-Wilson Central Composite Face Centred (CCF, :  1) design, which is suitable for studying the influence of each variable as well as all the possible interactions between variables. The results were analysed with an analysis of variance (ANOVA) with 95% confidence, enabling the optimisation of 2 the process. The gas phase was made up of a mixture of H 2 (65-95 vol.%), CO 2 (2-29 vol.%), CO (0-18 vol.%) and CH 4 (0-5 vol.%). Temperatures of 550 ºC and above enabled thermodynamic compositions for the gas to be achieved and helped diminish carbon formation. A possible optimum for H 2 production was found at a temperature of around 680 ºC, feeding a glycerol solution of 37 wt.% and using a spatial time of 3 g catalyst min/g glycerol. These conditions provide a 95% carbon conversion to gas, having the following composition: 67 vol.% H 2 , 22 vol.% CO 2 , 11 vol.% CO and 1 vol.% CH 4 .

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Section: Theoretical Reforming Studysupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Glycerol Purificationmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Analysis and optimisation of H2 production from crude glycerol by steam reforming using a novel two step process

Remón

Jarauta-Córdoba

García

et al. 2016

Fuel Processing Technology

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“…Reforma de fase aquosa e de vapor são os métodos mais utilizados para converter o glicerol em hidrogênio (LIN, 2013;DOU et al, 2014).…”

Section: Conversão Química E Biológica Do Glicerol Bruto Para Produtounclassified

Avaliação Técnica De Diferentes Processos De Separação Para Purificação Do Glicerol Como Subproduto – Revisão

Alves

Filho

Mendes

2017

R. bras. Ener. Renov.

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O excedente de glicerol produzido nas últimas décadas, devido ao aumento global na produção de biodiesel, vem criando uma demanda por novas tecnologias de purificação ou transformação do glicerol bruto em produtos de alto valor agregado, levando à viabilização do custo final do biodiesel. A glicerina bruta obtida como subproduto no processo de transesterificação contém, além de glicerol (45-85%), álcool, água, sais inorgânicos, ácidos graxos livres, mono-, di-, triglicerídeos, outras matérias orgânicas e resíduos em diferentes quantidades. É de extrema importância a purificação do glicerol para sua reutilização, a fim de reduzir problemas ambientais devido ao seu acúmulo e tornar o biodiesel mais rentável. O glicerol oferece uma ampla gama de oportunidades em muitas aplicações devido às suas propriedades únicas e disponibilidade no mercado. Este artigo analisa os avanços recentes nas tecnologias de purificação da glicerina bruta para utilização em produtos alimentícios, cosméticos e farmacêuticos, como purificação por membranas, troca iônica, destilação e adsorção; transformações biológicas e químicas para o processamento do glicerol em produtos químicos de alto valor agregado, como produção de gás hidrogênio, acroleína, éster, acetais, entre outros; e fornece estratégias para enfrentar os desafios de produção. Diante disso, alguns exemplos são dados para sustentar o objetivo do estudo.

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“…Glycerol is now largely available in the market mainly due to the rapid increase in bio-diesel production. For this reason, a great effort has been directed towards the conversion of glycerol to valuable products, such as 1,2-and 1,3-propanediols [4][5][6][7][8][9][10], acrolein [11,12], hydrogen [13] and fuel additives [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Glycerol Hydrodeoxygenation under Inert Atmosphere: Ethanol as a Hydrogen Donor

Vasiliadou

Lemonidou

2014

Catalysts

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Glycerol hydrodeoxygenation to 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO) is a reaction of high interest. However, the need for hydrogen supply is a main drawback of the process. According to the concept investigated here, 1,2-propanediol is efficiently formed using bio-glycerol feedstock with H2 formed in situ via ethanol aqueous phase reforming. Ethanol is thought to be a promising H2 source, as it is alcohol that can be used instead of methanol for transesterification of oils and fats. The H2 generated is consumed in the tandem reaction of glycerol hydrodeoxygenation. The reaction cycle proceeds in liquid phase at 220-250 °C and 1.5-3.5 MPa initial N2 pressure for a 2 and 4-h reaction time. Pt-, Ni-and Cu-based catalysts have been synthesized, characterized and evaluated in the reaction. Among the materials tested, Pt/Fe2O3-Al2O3 exhibited the most promising performance in terms of 1,2-propanediol productivity, while reusability tests showed a stable behavior. Structural integrity and no formation of carbonaceous deposits were verified via Temperature Programmed Desorption of hydrogen (TPD-H2) and thermogravimetric analysis of the fresh and used Pt/FeAl catalyst. A study on the effect of various operating conditions (reaction time, temperature and pressure) indicated that in order to maximize 1,2-propanediol productivity and yield, milder reaction conditions should be applied. The highest 1,2-propanediol yield, 53% (1.1 g1,2-PDO gcat −1 ·h −1 ), was achieved at a lower reaction temperature of 220 °C. OPEN ACCESSCatalysts 2014, 4 398

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Hydrogen production from catalytic steam reforming of biodiesel byproduct glycerol: Issues and challenges

Cited by 201 publications

References 106 publications

Analysis and optimisation of H2 production from crude glycerol by steam reforming using a novel two step process

Analysis and optimisation of H2 production from crude glycerol by steam reforming using a novel two step process

Avaliação Técnica De Diferentes Processos De Separação Para Purificação Do Glicerol Como Subproduto – Revisão

Catalytic Glycerol Hydrodeoxygenation under Inert Atmosphere: Ethanol as a Hydrogen Donor

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