Hydrogen Production by Steam Reforming of Bio-Oil Using Coprecipitated Ni−Al Catalysts. Acetic Acid as a Model Compound

Abstract

Catalytic steam reforming of bio-oil is a promising process for hydrogen production from biomass. Bio-oil is a complex mixture of a large number of compounds (acids, aldehydes, alcohols, and ketones, among other compounds), and acetic acid has been selected as a model compound. The experimental work has been conducted in a fluidized-bed reactor. Noncatalytic steam reforming of acetic acid has been performed from 450 °C to 700 °C. For catalytic experiments, coprecipitated Ni-Al catalysts, some promoted with lanthanum, have been selected, because of their high mechanical strength and suitable performance in biomass steam gasification. The presence of the catalyst, its reduction, promotion with lanthanum, and the influence of space velocity on gas yields have been analyzed at 650 °C. Catalytic experiments show a significant increase in total gas, H 2 , and CO 2 yields, whereas CH 4 and C 2 yields decrease, when compared with those from noncatalytic experiments. Gas yields obtained in the catalytic process present a shift from the noncatalytic process to equilibrium gas yields. Promotion with lanthanum does not increase the H 2 yield achieved with the Ni-Al catalyst. Simple first-order kinetic equations have been proposed for the formation of H 2 and CO 2 and the disappearance of CH 4 and C 2 .

Hydrogen from aqueous fraction of biomass pyrolysis liquids by catalytic steam reforming in fluidized bed

“…The deactivation of the catalyst decreases the CO 2 and H 2 yields and increases the CO and CH 4 yields. Galdámez et al [25] and Ramos et al [26] explained the role of the catalyst in these reactions in the steam reforming of model compounds of bio-oil.…”

Hydrogen Generation from Catalytic Steam Reforming of Acetic Acid by Ni/Attapulgite Catalysts

“…One of the most promising ways for employing biomass to produce hydrogen is SR of bio-oil obtained by fast-pyrolysis of biomass resources [5][6][7]. Garcia L. [8] and Galdamez J.R. [9] conducted the SR of bio-oil in fixed-bed micro-reactor and fluidized-bed reactor under different conditions respectively, (CP), wet impregnation (WI) and ion exchange (IE). The results of characterizations demonstrated that differences in crystal structure and MSI caused by different preparations have altered the reducibility of the catalysts.…”

Catalytic Steam Reforming of Fast Pyrolysis Bio‐Oil in Fixed Bed and Fluidized Bed Reactors

“…And till now, many research institutes have done a lot of work on steam reforming of bio-oil [13][14][15][16][17][18]. Most studies are based on the fixed bed reactor and some are conducted in fluidized beds [19][20][21][22].…”