Hydrogen preheating through waste heat recovery of an open-cathode PEM fuel cell leading to power output improvement

Mohamed, Wan Ahmad Najmi Wan; Kamil, Mohammed

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2016.07.046

Cited by 50 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Generally speaking, the perception of waste heat recovery has been mainly utilized for several years [77][78][79]. Besides that, the ability of waste heat usage is being investigated in fuel cell systems and has received considerable attention from scientists, particularly in recent years, to increase their overall energy conversion efficiency [80][81][82]. This investigation presents the latest trends in fuel cell combined heat and power, and critically reviews the key parameters impeding their commercialization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of Fuel Cell Combined Heat and Power Systems

et al. 2020

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Combined heat and power (CHP) in a single and integrated device is concurrent or synchronized production of many sources of usable power, typically electric, as well as thermal. Integrating combined heat and power systems in today’s energy market will address energy scarcity, global warming, as well as energy-saving problems. This review highlights the system design for fuel cell CHP technologies. Key among the components discussed was the type of fuel cell stack capable of generating the maximum performance of the entire system. The type of fuel processor used was also noted to influence the systemic performance coupled with its longevity. Other components equally discussed was the power electronics. The thermal and water management was also noted to have an effect on the overall efficiency of the system. Carbon dioxide emission reduction, reduction of electricity cost and grid independence, were some notable advantages associated with fueling cell combined heat and power systems. Despite these merits, the high initial capital cost is a key factor impeding its commercialization. It is, therefore, imperative that future research activities are geared towards the development of novel, and cheap, materials for the development of the fuel cell, which will transcend into a total reduction of the entire system. Similarly, robust, systemic designs should equally be an active research direction. Other types of fuel aside, hydrogen should equally be explored. Proper risk assessment strategies and documentation will similarly expand and accelerate the commercialization of this novel technology. Finally, public sensitization of the technology will also make its acceptance and possible competition with existing forms of energy generation feasible. The work, in summary, showed that proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM fuel cell) operated at a lower temperature-oriented cogeneration has good efficiency, and is very reliable. The critical issue pertaining to these systems has to do with the complication associated with water treatment. This implies that the balance of the plant would be significantly affected; likewise, the purity of the gas is crucial in the performance of the system. An alternative to these systems is the PEM fuel cell systems operated at higher temperatures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of Fuel Cell Combined Heat and Power Systems

et al. 2020

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“…In the 21 st century, researches in furthering the optimization of PEM fuel cells are still ongoing and the effect of uncontrollable factors on output power should be addressed first. In different researches, operating parameters, viz, temperature, pressure, and current density, have been usually thought to be the main factors that influence the output power of PEMFC . Recently, a research has used a new methodology: moment‐based uncertainty evaluation technique, a framework which is accurate and reliable to study the influence of some uncontrollable factors, viz, SC, stack temperature (ST), oxygen excess ratio (OER), inlet air humidity (IAH), and hydrogen excess ratio (HER) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In different researches, operating parameters, viz, temperature, pressure, and current density, have been usually thought to be the main factors that influence the output power of PEMFC. [8][9][10][11] Recently, a research has used a new methodology: moment-based uncertainty evaluation technique, a framework which is accurate and reliable to study the influence of some uncontrollable factors, viz, SC, stack temperature (ST), oxygen excess ratio (OER), inlet air humidity (IAH), and hydrogen excess ratio (HER). 3,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] To some extent, these uncontrollable factors have a bad influence on the output power and operation of the fuel cell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A coupled and interactive influence of operational parameters for optimizing power output of cleaner energy production systems under uncertain conditions

et al. 2019

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Summary The mechanisms in proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) cannot be explicitly represented by a mathematical function because the PEMFC system is multi‐dimensional and complex and represents uncertainty in operation variables, which cannot be modeled by experiments or by trial‐and‐error approach. Therefore, this work proposes to study the coupled and interactive influence of stack current (SC), stack temperature (ST), oxygen excess ratio (OER), hydrogen excess ratio (HER), and inlet air humidity (IAH) for optimizing the power output of PEMFC. The data obtained from the experiments have been inserted into architecture of automated neural‐network search, which automates the selection of error function, activation function, uncertainties in inputs and number of hidden neurons in formulation of a robust and accurate model for power density as a function of five operational variables. Among the operational variables, the correlation coefficient between the SC and the output power is the highest, followed by OER, and the ST. However, for HER and IAH, the power output follows negative nonlinear relation. The optimization converged at 130th iteration results in maximum power output of 3410 W for an optimum value of SC (51A), ST (59°C), OER (3:2), HER (1:10), and IAH (0.8).

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“…PEM (Polymer Electrolyte Membrane) fuel cell is one type of fuel cell that works at relatively low temperatures making it easy to apply for transportation and other portable equipment [4,5]. In addition to its advantages, fuel cell also has a disadvantage that investment costs are still relatively expensive, especially on the price of the catalyst and membrane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving PEM fuel cell performance using in-line triangular baffles in triple serpentine flow field

2018

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Baffles in the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell flow field increase the reactant pressure to gas diffusion layer, enhance reactant mass transfer to the catalyst layer and water discharge under the rib, which in turn improve cell performance. In this study, we perform numerical simulations to investigate triangular baffles configuration in triple serpentine flow fields and compare it with flow field without baffles on cell performance. A 9-layer PEM fuel cell model with 14 cm2 active area is used. Baffles are arranged in line with single row and two rows transversely to the flow direction. Different flowrate is applied for optimization. In addition, the use of reducers in exhaust is also studied. The results show that flow field with baffles configuration can improve power density by 8%, while current density increase 6% when compared to non-baffles flow field.

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Hydrogen preheating through waste heat recovery of an open-cathode PEM fuel cell leading to power output improvement

Cited by 50 publications

References 40 publications

Prospects of Fuel Cell Combined Heat and Power Systems

Prospects of Fuel Cell Combined Heat and Power Systems

A coupled and interactive influence of operational parameters for optimizing power output of cleaner energy production systems under uncertain conditions

Improving PEM fuel cell performance using in-line triangular baffles in triple serpentine flow field

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