Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment and the Phenylpropanoid Pathway Precursors Feeding Improve Phenolics and Antioxidant Capacity of Quinoa Sprouts via an Induction of L-Tyrosine and L-Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyases Activities

Abstract

Hydrogen peroxide treatment and the phenylpropanoid pathway precursors feeding affected the antioxidant capacity of quinoa sprouts. Compared to the control, total phenolics content was significantly increased by treatment of control sprouts with 50 mM and 200 mM H2O2—an elevation of about 24% and 28%, respectively. The highest increase of flavonoids content was found for the sprouts treated with 200 mM H2O2obtained from seeds fed with shikimic acid. All the studied modifications increased the antioxidant potential of sprouts (at least by 50% compared to control). The highest reducing power was found for the sprouts treated with 200 mM H2O2obtained by phenylalanine feeding (5.03 mg TE/g DW) and those obtained from the seeds fed with tyrosine (5.26 mg TE/g DW). The activities of L-tyrosine (TAL) and L-phenylalanine (PAL) ammonia-lyases were strongly affected by germination time as well as the applied modification of sprouting. On the 3rd day the highest PAL activity was determined for both untreated and induced with 50 mM H2O2sprouts obtained by phenylalanine feeding. H2O2induced TAL activity; the highest TAL activity was determined for 3-day-old sprouts induced with 200 mM H2O2obtained from seeds fed with phenylalanine.

Modification of Growth, Yield, and the Nutraceutical and Antioxidative Potential of Soybean Through the Use of Synthetic Biostimulants

“…The analysis of the results obtained in our study demonstrated that plant growth, as well as yield and biometric traits of soybean seeds, depended on the type of biostimulants, their concentration, and number of their applications. The physiological response of soybean plants to these preparations was mainly due to their so-called active (activating) compounds, such as phenols (Jindo et al, 2012 ; Ertani et al, 2013 , 2014 ; Swieca et al, 2014 ; Swieca, 2016 ), which are active substances of the Atonik preparation. However, as reported by Ertani et al ( 2011 ) and Kauffman et al ( 2007 ), the highest effectiveness of biostimulants in crop cultivation is achieved upon the use of their minimal doses, although these authors emphasize that the effects of the preparations depend, most of all, on plant species and cultivar and on plant growth stage.…”

Effect of abiotic elicitation on the quality and antioxidant potential of lettuce and endive during storage

“…Many studies have indicated that elicitation may enhance the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds that are important for human health, thus improving the quality of edible plants (Kim, Chen, Wang, & Rajapakse, ; Świeca, ; Złotek, Michalak‐Majewska, & Szymanowska, ; Złotek et al, ). Many studies indicate that elicitors can lead to start the signal transduction in plant which resulted in secondary metabolites biosynthesis (Zhao et al, ).…”

Sprouted Grains: A Comprehensive Review

“…The stressful condition, imposed from 2 days after sowing, gave the highest amounts of phenolics in seedling tissues, especially in terms of chlorogenic, ferulic, o-coumaric and salicylic acids, as well as in terms of ability to protect lipids against peroxidation, which approximately raised up 12-fold and 8-fold. In 3-day old quinoa sprouts, treatments with H 2 O 2 (5 mL of 50 mM and 200 mM H 2 O 2 solutions sprayed on 1-day-old sprouts) were evaluated also in combination with solutions of phenolic precursors i.e., shikimic acid, L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine (0.1 mM) [ 161 ]. Oxidative stress significantly enhanced total polyphenols and flavonoids contents, whilst the phenylpropanoid pathway feedings were effective only in flavonoids accumulation; all the investigated treatments significantly improved antioxidant capacity, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and tyrosine ammonia-lyase (TAL) activities, although to different extents, depending on elicitors combinations [ 161 ].…”