Hydrogen peroxide sensing based on carbon quantum dots

Abstract

Abstract. In this work, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) have been synthesized by one step hydrothermal method to detect hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The optical H2O2 sensors were based on the fluorescent quenching of the carbon quantum dots. The optical H2O2 sensors demonstrate capable of detecting H2O2 over the range of 0-88.2 mM and 0-60 mM. The H2O2 sensitivities of wavelength shift to changes in the H2O2 concentration were found to be 0.18 nm/mM and 0.26 nm/mM. These results of the optical sensors showed that the method can be used in practice detection of H2O2 and could offer a new approach for developing a new optical biosensor. The CQDs exhibit good emission property and high stability, as well as excitation-independent emission behavior. Moreover, it is attractive that CQDs can be used as an effective fluorescent probe for the detection of H2O2 with linear Stern-Volmer plot and wavelength shift in an aqueous solution.

Review of Carbon and Graphene Quantum Dots for Sensing

“…The synthesis of CQDs- and GQD-based nanomaterials can be achieved using “bottom-up” or “top-down” approaches. ,, The bottom-up approaches include electrochemical carbonization, microwave irradiation synthesis, − hydrothermal/solvothermal treatment, − and thermal decomposition. − Typically, rigorous reaction conditions such as high-grade carbon precursors, high temperature, concentrated alkali/acid treatments, and toxic organic solvents are required for these methods . The bottom-up approaches have the advantage that they provide good synthetic control and hence good size control.…”

Possibilities and Challenges for Quantitative Optical Sensing of Hydrogen Peroxide

“…It is based on the blue emission of poly(ethylenimine)-capped CQDs (BPEI-CQD,) acting as reference and fluorescence quenching by H 2 O 2 of the red emitting AuNC. A subcategory of NPs are so-called quantum dots (QD), which can also be used for optical detection of H 2 O 2 [87,88,93,94]. Quantum dots are semiconducting NPs, which often consist of a semiconducting core and a semiconducting shell, in order to improve their optical properties [95,96].…”

“…Water-soluble carbon quantum dots (CQD) can detect H 2 O 2 on the basis of fluorescence quenching and have several advantages over semiconducting QDs in terms of low cytotoxicity, high photo-stability and biocompatibility [93]. Another class of nanoparticles used for intracellular measurements, referred to as PEBBLE sensors (photonic explorer for biomedical use with biologically localized embedding), are NP-based fluorescent sensor particles with a size range of 1-1000 nm.…”

Doping and Surface Modification of Carbon Quantum Dots for Enhanced Functionalities and Related Applications

“…CQDs capable of easy functionalization, tunable PL, etc., portray diverse sensing applications. [ 274 ] The nonblinking PL capability enables tracking of single molecules and thus CQDs have been proved to be instrumental for the detection of heavy metal ions (Cr 6+/3+ , [ 90,275,276 ] Hg 2+ , [ 61,220,277–281 ] Fe 2+ , [ 23,113 ] Cu 2+ , [ 282–285 ] Ag +[ 286 ] ), anions (I − , [ 278 ] NO 2 − , [ 287 ] F − , [ 278 ] S 2 O 3 2− , [ 288 ] ClO −[ 289 ] ), small molecules (thrombin, [ 290 ] hyaluronidase, [ 291 ] glyphosate, [ 292 ] glucose, [ 56,127 ] H 2 O 2 , [ 49,56,285,293 ] dopamine, [ 70 ] tannic acid, [ 294 ] uric acid, [ 193 ] glycine, [ 295 ] ), temperature, [ 70 ] and pH [ 296,297 ] over the years. The capability of CQD to take up the dual roles of electron source and sink is the major reason for the fluorescent detections.…”