Hydrogen peroxide in exhaled breath condensate: A clinical study

Abstract

Objectives:To study the ongoing inflammatory process of lung in healthy individuals with risk factors and comparing with that of a known diseased condition. To study the inflammatory response to treatment.Background:Morbidity and mortality of respiratory diseases are raising in trend due to increased smokers, urbanization and air pollution, the diagnosis of these conditions during early stage and management can improve patient's lifestyle and morbidity.Materials and Methods:One hundred subjects were studied from July 2010 to September 2010; the level of hydrogen peroxide concentration in exhaled breath condensate was measured using Ecocheck.Results:Of the 100 subjects studied, 23 were healthy individuals with risk factors (smoking, exposure to air pollution, and urbanization); the values of hydrogen peroxide in smokers were 200-2220 nmol/l and in non-smokers 340-760 nmol/l. In people residing in rural areas values were 20-140 nmol/l in non-smokers and 180 nmol/l in smokers. In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease cases, during acute exacerbations values were 540-3040 nmol/l and 240-480 nmol/l following treatment. In acute exacerbations of bronchial asthma, values were 400-1140 nmol/l and 100-320 nmol/l following treatment. In cases of bronchiectasis, values were 300-340 nmol/l and 200-280 nmol/l following treatment. In diagnosed pneumonia cases values were 1060-11800 nmol/l and 540-700 nmol/l following treatment. In interstitial lung diseases, values ranged from 220-720 nmol/l and 210-510 nmol/l following treatment.Conclusion:Exhaled breath condensate provides a non-invasive means of sampling the lower respiratory tract. Collection of exhaled breath condensate might be useful to detect the oxidative destruction of the lung as well as early inflammation of the airways in a healthy individual with risk factors and comparing the inflammatory response to treatment.

Evaluation of anti-asthmatic and antioxidant potential of Boerhavia procumbens in toluene diisocyanate (TDI) treated rats

“…Hyperactivity of airways induced with ROS elicits the histamine release from mast cells and mucous secretion from epithelial cells (Lee et al, 2011). During acute asthma exacerbation these changes are associated with cell shedding, enhanced release of arachidonic acid and chemo-attractants (Calabrese et al, 2000) and increased release of hydrogen peroxide and nitrous oxide during exhale (Wewel et al, 2006;Nagaraja et al, 2012).…”

Exhaled Breath Condensate—A Non-Invasive Approach for Diagnostic Methods in Asthma

“…Hydrogen peroxide is released by inflammatory cells as an outcome of respiratory burst [ 40 ]. H 2 O 2 levels were elevated in asthmatic patients, regardless of age [ 63 , 64 ], and even after pharmacological treatment patients with asthma presented higher levels of this compound in EBC [ 63 ]. H 2 O 2 concentrations in EBC increased in steroid-naive asthma and were influenced by the smoking habit [ 65 ] and disease treatment [ 66 , 67 ].…”

Chemiluminescent Measurement of Hydrogen Peroxide in the Exhaled Breath Condensate of Healthy and Asthmatic Adults

“…[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] There is also a clinical potential for using exhaled hydrogen peroxide to monitor drug efficacy in asthma. 17,22,37,38 In the exacerbations of COPD, exhaled hydrogen peroxide is elevated 39,40 and can be used to track recovery from exacerbation. [41][42][43] These studies highlight the potential for using hydrogen peroxide as a clinical biomarker, but improved measurement methods for use in a clinical setting are needed.…”

“…Hydrogen peroxide is relatively stable and can be detected in exhaled breath as a noninvasive biomarker of oxidative stress and can potentially track both eosinophilic and neutrophilic sources of production. , When combined with FeNO, it should be possible to garner a precise and personalized view of patients’ inflammation. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) hydrogen peroxide is elevated in both adult − and childhood − asthma as well as in COPD. − There is also a clinical potential for using exhaled hydrogen peroxide to monitor drug efficacy in asthma. ,,, In the exacerbations of COPD, exhaled hydrogen peroxide is elevated , and can be used to track recovery from exacerbation. − These studies highlight the potential for using hydrogen peroxide as a clinical biomarker, but improved measurement methods for use in a clinical setting are needed.…”