Hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide trigger redox-related cyst formation in cultures of the dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum

Towards control of unwanted cyst-forming dinoflagellates in aquaculture systems: Knockout and recovery of Pfiesteria sp. after peracetic acid exposure

“…Cyst formation process was found to be highly dynamic, with living cells encysting fast to PAA and excysting short after it was degraded. Similar results were reported by Ganini, Hollnagel, Colepicolo, & Barros, , who showed that H 2 O 2 plays a significant role in encystment of the toxic dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum ((Stein) Dodge, 1989): two hours after addition of H 2 O 2 , 50% of the cells had transitioned into cysts. The cyst formation in dinoflagellates might thus be a common response to the oxidative stress caused by PAA and H 2 O 2 .…”

“…Similar results were reported byGanini, Hollnagel, Colepicolo, & Barros, 2013, who showed that H 2 O 2 plays a significant role in encystment of the toxic dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum ((Stein) Dodge, 1989): two hours after addition of H 2 O 2 , 50% of the cells had transitioned into cysts. Cyst formation process was found to be highly dynamic, with living cells encysting fast to PAA and excysting short after it was degraded.…”

Impact of industrial pollution on recent dinoflagellate cysts in Izmir Bay (Eastern Aegean)

“…Liu et al (2012) pointed out that industrial pollution and eutrophication often occur together in coastal waters. Dinoflagellate cysts could be induced in response to some pollutants such as nutrient depletion and chemical stress (Ganini et al, 2013). Apart from metal stress to dinoflagellate species, organic pollutants have some possible effects and these effects have been searched in laboratory studies.…”