Hydrogen Peroxide: An Effective Treatment for Ballast Water

Kuzirian, Alan M.; Terry, Eleanor C. S.; Bechtel, Deanna L.; James, Patrick L.

doi:10.2307/1543376

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Currently, the US Coast Guard is proposing the same limits be applied through US regulation, with a stricter criterion of 1000-fold the IMO discharge limits as a second phase standard. Treatment options for ballast water include: physical processes (filtration, cavitation, sonification, heating;Cangelosi et al, 2007;Kato, 2003;Holm et al, 2008;Rigby et al, 2004); chemical processes (applied or generated biocides such as chlorine or peroxide; Gregg and Hallegraeff, 2007;Kuzirian et al, 2001), and biological processes (microbial deoxygenation;McCollin et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing ballast water treatments: Evaluation of viability methods for ambient freshwater microplankton assemblages

Reavie

Cangelosi

Allinger

2010

Journal of Great Lakes Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing ballast water treatments: Evaluation of viability methods for ambient freshwater microplankton assemblages

Reavie

Cangelosi

Allinger

2010

Journal of Great Lakes Research

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“…Despite low costs, chlorine is relatively ineffective against cysts unless it is used at a concentration of at least 2 mg/l. The usage of ozone (Perrins et al, 2006), hydrogen peroxide (Kuzirian et al, 2001) or titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) (Wu et al, 2011) is not effective in waters with suspension or larger organisms. Chlorine dioxide is normally produced in situ by sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), or combination of sodium chlorite (NaClO 2 ) and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ).…”

Section: Ballast Water Treatment Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shipboard Ballast Water Treatment Systems on Seagoing Ships

Vorkapić

Komar

Mrčelić

2016

ToMS

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This review paper summarizes the legislative framework and the available technologies for ballast water treatment with regard to the approval process and relevant issues. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) sets the limits of organism concentration in ballast water allowed to be discharged into the sea. The 2004 International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships Ballast Water and Sediments is the first international document that introduced obligatory ballast water management and control. Even though ballast water treatment systems are not 100 % effective, they significantly reduce the risk of spreading of invasive species through ballast water exchange. An increased manufacturer interest in the system’s approval or development of new technologies is not expected in future because the procedure is time-consuming and expensive. The final choice of optimal ballast water treatment system depends on the ship owner or operator taking into account the price, type of the ship, whether it is a newbuilding or an existing ship, ballast system capacity and the seas where ships ply as well as harbours at which they call.

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“…Specifically, the addition of hydrogen peroxide as an aquatic biocide has been tested (Kuzirian et al 2001), as well as the effect of ballast water de-oxygenation (Tamburri et al 2002). In all these experiments, different parameters of treatment efficiency were monitored; therefore, it is difficult to compare the various treatment options.…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of natural populations of marine plankton by a large-scale ballast water treatment system

Waite

Kazumi

Lane

et al. 2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Large-scale experiments using a hydrocyclone, a self-cleaning 50 µm screen, and a UV unit were undertaken to evaluate the treatment efficiency of these commercially available units for preventing the transfer of unwanted species via ships' ballast water. The water flow through the treatment system was approximately 5.7 m 3 min -1. The effect of increased suspended solids on these processes was the focus of this research. During each experimental run, 760 l samples were obtained and passed through 35 µm plankton nets for zooplankton collection. Samples were also collected for phytoplankton, microbiological, ATP and protein analyses. After the initial samples were obtained, a second set of samples was held for 18 h to determine the effects of storage on the effectiveness of treatment processes. Screening the seawater at 50 µm removed most of the zooplankton and a small percentage of the microphytoplankton, but hydrocyclonic separation was not effective. Initially, UV treatment reduced the viable count of microorganisms to an undetectable level; however, bacterial regrowth was observed in the samples held for 18 h. Statistical evaluation showed that increased turbidity (5 to 90 nephelometer turbidity units; NTU) had no effect on the treatment regime, even on the UV unit. At the highest turbidity (90 NTU), the UV dose was lowered to approximately 35 mW s cm -2 ; however, this dose was still sufficient to inactivate microorganisms. Overall, it was observed that only the 50 µm screen was effective in the removal of organisms, especially potential invading organisms such as large zooplankton or invertebrate larvae.KEY WORDS: Ballast water treatment · Hydrocyclone · Self-cleaning screen · UV treatment · Plankton Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 258: [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] 2003 emerged due to range shifts of hosts, rather than introductions of new pathogens.Management practices to prevent the transport of unwanted species of ballast water discharges have been slow in evolving. International organizations such as the International Maritime Organization (IMO), through its Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC), are working to draft a legal instrument to control ballast water discharges. However, it does not appear that such an instrument will be approved by the IMO before the year 2005. In the meantime, individual port states have initiated their own ballast-water management plans in an attempt to protect their natural resources. The leader in this effort has been Australia, which has initiated ballast-water management scenarios since the early 1990s (AQIS 1994(AQIS , 1995.Most recommended and/or required ballast water management scenarios around the world involve the exchange or dilution of in-shore ballast waters with offshore open ocean waters. It is assumed that open ocean waters are greatly reduced with respect to biomass, or the organisms present pose little threat for invasion to in-shore communities. W...

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Hydrogen Peroxide: An Effective Treatment for Ballast Water

Cited by 28 publications

References 2 publications

Assessing ballast water treatments: Evaluation of viability methods for ambient freshwater microplankton assemblages

Assessing ballast water treatments: Evaluation of viability methods for ambient freshwater microplankton assemblages

Shipboard Ballast Water Treatment Systems on Seagoing Ships

Removal of natural populations of marine plankton by a large-scale ballast water treatment system

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