Hydrogen nanobubble at normal hydrogen electrode

Nakabayashi, Seiichiro; Shinozaki, Ryota; Senda, Yuji; Yoshikawa, Haruka

doi:10.1088/0953-8984/25/18/184008

Cited by 11 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…OCP decay measurements revealed a lifetime over a period of more than 100 s followed by dissolution of the adsorbed Pt–H intermediates. Formation and lifetime of a single nanobubble at a Pt nanoelectrode were also reported by Luo and White. , Opposite to Nakabayashi a rapid dissolution of the nanobubble due to the high inner Laplace pressure is discussed, which is precisely balanced by the electrogeneration of H 2 at the partially exposed Pt surface, resulting in a dynamically stabilized nanobubble. Altogether the formation and stability of nanobubbles is still controversially discussed .…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…A significant surface diffusion of hydrogen along the axis of the electrode over about 100 μm was found also for a Pt electrode of 25 μm in diameter. Another approach was followed by Nakabayashi et al 11 They proved by electrochemical and AFM investigations the existence and the high stability of H 2 nanobubbles. OCP decay measurements revealed a lifetime over a period of more than 100 s followed by dissolution of the adsorbed Pt−H intermediates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interplay of the Open Circuit Potential-Relaxation and the Dissolution Behavior of a Single H₂ Bubble Generated at a Pt Microelectrode

et al. 2016

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The dissolution behavior of a single H 2 bubble electrochemically generated at a Pt microelectrode in 1 M H 2 SO 4 , was studied. The open circuit potential (OCP) relaxation after the polarization end was recorded and correlated with the dissolved H 2 concentration at the interface electrode/electrolyte/gas. Simultaneously, the shrinking of the bubble was followed optically by means of a high speed camera. In addition, analytical modelling and numerical simulations for the bubble dissolution were performed. Three characteristic regions are identified in the OCP and the bubble radius transients: (i) slow relaxation and shrinking, (ii) transition region and (iii) a long-term slowed down dissolution process. The high supersaturation after polarisation remains longer than theoretically predicted and feeds the bubble in region (i). This reduces the dissolution rate of the bubble which differs significantly from that of non-electrochemically produced bubbles. Numerical multi-species simulations prove that oxygen and nitrogen dissolved in the electrolyte additionally influence the bubble dissolution and slow down its shrinkage compared to pure hydrogen diffusion. In region (iii), a complete exchange of hydrogen gas with nitrogen and oxygen has occurred in the gas bubble.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interplay of the Open Circuit Potential-Relaxation and the Dissolution Behavior of a Single H₂ Bubble Generated at a Pt Microelectrode

et al. 2016

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“…Over the past decade there have been numerous reports regarding the anomalous behavior of very long-lived “nanobubbles”. − In contrast, the nanobubbles observed in our laboratory behave classically. − , Specifically, the measured surface tensions agree with macroscopic values, and the nanobubbles rapidly dissolve when the solution is not supersaturated with the corresponding gas …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

The Dynamic Steady State of an Electrochemically Generated Nanobubble

et al. 2017

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This article describes the dynamic steady state of individual H nanobubbles generated by H reduction at inlaid and recessed Pt nanodisk electrodes. Electrochemical measurements coupled with finite element simulations allow analysis of the nanobubble geometry at dynamic equilibrium. We demonstrate that a bubble is sustainable at Pt nanodisks due to the balance of nanobubble shrinkage due to H dissolution and growth due to H electrogeneration. Specifically, simulations are used to predict stable geometries of the H/Pt/solution three-phase interface and the width of exposed Pt at the disk circumference required to sustain the nanobubble via steady-state H electrogeneration. Experimentally measured currents, i, corresponding to the electrogeneration of H, at or near the three-phase interface, needed to sustain the nanobubble are between 0.2 and 2.4 nA for Pt nanodisk electrodes with radii between 2.5 and 40 nm. However, simple theoretical analysis shows that the diffusion-limited currents required to sustain such a single nanobubble at an inlaid Pt nanodisk are 1-2 orders larger than the observed values. Finite element simulation of the dynamic steady state of a nanobubble at an inlaid disk also demonstrates that the expected steady-state currents are much larger than the experimental currents. Better agreement between the simulated and experimental values of i is obtained by considering recession of the Pt disk nanoelectrode below the plane of the insulating surface, which reduces the outward flux of H from the nanobubble and results in smaller values of i.

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“…Following the suggestion by Parker et al in 1994 [1] on the presence of stable nanobubbles on a hydrophobic surface, they have been directly observed with scanning atomic force microscopy (AFM) since 2000 [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Nanobubbles are usually formed by the exchange of a short-chain alcohol with water on a solid substrate called the standard solvent exchange procedure [6,11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced dynamic-equilibrium model for a nanobubble and a micropancake on a hydrophobic or hydrophilic surface

et al. 2015

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The dynamic-equilibrium model for stabilization of a nanobubble on a hydrophobic surface by Brenner and Lohse [M. P. Brenner and D. Lohse, Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 214505 (2008)] has been modified taking into account the van der Waals attractive force between gas molecules inside a nanobubble and solid surface. The present model is also applicable to a nanobubble on a hydrophilic surface. According to the model, the pressure inside a nanobubble is not spatially uniform and is relatively higher near the solid surface. As a result, there is gas outflux near a hydrophilic surface, while near a hydrophobic surface there is gas influx which has been already suggested. In the present model, the radius of curvature for a nanobubble depends on the distance from the solid surface because the pressure depends on it. The shape of the micropancake, which is a nearly-two-dimensional bubble, is reproduced by the present model due to the strong dependence of the radius of curvature on the distance from the solid surface. The effect of temperature on the stability of a nanobubble or micropancake is also discussed.

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Hydrogen nanobubble at normal hydrogen electrode

Cited by 11 publications

References 34 publications

Interplay of the Open Circuit Potential-Relaxation and the Dissolution Behavior of a Single H₂ Bubble Generated at a Pt Microelectrode

Interplay of the Open Circuit Potential-Relaxation and the Dissolution Behavior of a Single H₂ Bubble Generated at a Pt Microelectrode

The Dynamic Steady State of an Electrochemically Generated Nanobubble

Advanced dynamic-equilibrium model for a nanobubble and a micropancake on a hydrophobic or hydrophilic surface

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Hydrogen nanobubble at normal hydrogen electrode

Cited by 11 publications

References 34 publications

Interplay of the Open Circuit Potential-Relaxation and the Dissolution Behavior of a Single H2 Bubble Generated at a Pt Microelectrode

Interplay of the Open Circuit Potential-Relaxation and the Dissolution Behavior of a Single H2 Bubble Generated at a Pt Microelectrode

The Dynamic Steady State of an Electrochemically Generated Nanobubble

Advanced dynamic-equilibrium model for a nanobubble and a micropancake on a hydrophobic or hydrophilic surface

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Interplay of the Open Circuit Potential-Relaxation and the Dissolution Behavior of a Single H₂ Bubble Generated at a Pt Microelectrode

Interplay of the Open Circuit Potential-Relaxation and the Dissolution Behavior of a Single H₂ Bubble Generated at a Pt Microelectrode