Hydrogen generation by the reaction of Al with water promoted by an ultrasonically prepared Al(OH) 3 suspension

Heat and power storage using aluminium for low and zero energy buildings

“…• using a promoter such as strong lyes: NaOH, KOH (alkaline solutions) or Ca(OH)2 [14]; • grinding and milling aluminium just prior to the addition of water or while already mixed with water, or using ultrasonic procedures for the samples preparation [15,16]; • using seawater with the addition of NaAlO2 [17]; • addition of Li-based [18] or choline hydroxide activators [19]. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is considered the best alkali solution for enhancing the reaction rate and conversion degree [7,9,10].…”

Kinetics study of the Al–water reaction promoted by an ultrasonically prepared Al(OH)3 suspension

“…It was conrmed that Al(OH) 3 particles can act as a catalyst to assist the reaction of Al with water, [39][40][41][42] because Al(OH) 3 can dissociate H 2 O molecules into ions, which can promote the hydration of the passive oxide lm on the Al surface when Al(OH) 3 particles come into contact with Al particles in water, leading to a shorter induction time for the Al-water reaction. Therefore, the contact area between the Al(OH) 3 and Al particles is an important factor that affects the catalytic performance towards the Al-water reaction.…”

“…Yang et al prepared a highactivity Al(OH) 3 suspension by the reaction of Al with water using an ultrasonic procedure. 42 This high-activity Al(OH) 3 suspension considerably promotes the Al-water reaction and hydrogen generation. In this work, the Al-water reaction kinetics promoted by the ultrasonically prepared Al(OH) 3 suspension is investigated, with the results indicating that when the weight ratio of Al to water increases to a high value in practical application, the hydrogen-generation rate is fast and comparable to that of Al in NaOH solution, which could meet the practical requirement.…”

“…Recently, a neutral Al(OH) 3 suspension was used to promote the Al-water reaction, [40][41][42][43][44][45][46] and no processing procedure was needed to activate the Al metal. Therefore, this is a relatively simple way to realize the Al-water reaction to generate hydrogen, although the Al-water reaction rate is slow if commercial Al(OH) 3 powder is used.…”

Effect of storage environment on hydrogen generation by the reaction of Al with water

“…In order to make Al react with water, different methods, based on the disruption of passive oxide lm on Al particles, have been developed, e.g. using an alkaline solution to assist the Al-water reaction, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] alloying Al with Ga, In, Bi, Sn, Ca, Fe, etc., [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] mechanically milling Al metal with special oxide, soluble inorganic salt and carbon material, [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47] and Al surface modication, [48][49][50][51][52][53][54] etc. All these approaches have made Al metal a promising hydrogen-generation material for portable fuel cell.…”