Hydrogen Fumigation on HD Diesel Engine: An Experimental and Numerical Study

Abstract

The currently reported work was concerned with experimental and numerical evaluation of the potential to partially replace diesel with hydrogen fuel, which continues to attract attention as an alternative longer-term fuel solution. The experimental work was involved with the fumigation of hydrogen on a single cylinder HD diesel engine under two real-world driving conditions at low and mid loads. Highest practical hydrogen substitution ratios could increase indicated efficiency by up to 4.6 and 2.4% while reducing CO 2 emissions by 58 and 32% at low and mid loads, respectively. Soot and CO emissions were reduced as more hydrogen was supplied, particularly at low load. The numerical study was made by using two distinct phenomenological models being run in parallel. While, an in-depth evaluation of the unique dual fuel combustion was possible, the arising errors were largely associated with lack of dual fuel burning velocity data, which will remain a key barrier to dual-fuel simulation.

Hydrogen—An Alternative Fuel for Automotive Diesel Engines Used in Transportation

“…The decrease in the combustion rate of diffusive formed mixtures up to 26% with hydrogen fuel was in correlation with the reduction of the smoke emission level; see Figure 10. Similar tendencies regarding the reduction of pollutant emissions levels have been reported in papers describing the effects of hydrogen use in ICE [23,24,[27][28][29][30]52,53,55,56].…”

“…At higher hydrogen doses, Monemian [53] observed increased engine efficiency, with a corresponding decrease in CO 2 emission levels of 32%up to 58%, depending on engine load [53]. At small loads, CO and soot emissions were shown to decrease with hydrogen use [53]. With a constant injection moment, the NO x emission levels increased by 26% under an average engine load, and by 56% under a higher load because of the increased combustion temperature [53].…”

“…Monemian [53] defines hydrogen as a "long-term fuel solution" for diesel engines, and used it to partially substitute traditional fuel in a single cylinder HD diesel engine. At higher hydrogen doses, Monemian [53] observed increased engine efficiency, with a corresponding decrease in CO 2 emission levels of 32%up to 58%, depending on engine load [53]. At small loads, CO and soot emissions were shown to decrease with hydrogen use [53].…”

“…At small loads, CO and soot emissions were shown to decrease with hydrogen use [53]. With a constant injection moment, the NO x emission levels increased by 26% under an average engine load, and by 56% under a higher load because of the increased combustion temperature [53]. Lešnik [54] identified hydrogen as a viable solution to improve the technology level of modern internal combustion engines.…”

Una revisión del uso del hidrógeno en motores de encendido por compresión (diésel) y un análisis de su posible uso en motores duales en Colombia

“…Debido a la alta resistencia a la autoignición del hidrógeno, la fuente que propaga la llama se crea cuando el diésel se auto enciende, momentos posteriores a su inyección, rompimiento y evaporación. La combustión del diésel sigue el convencional modelo conceptual para su combustión [36], agregando interacciones químicas y térmicas complicadas debido a la adición del combustible gaseoso (en este caso hidrógeno) [37]. Luego de la autoignición (figura 3 (3)), se crean puntos propicios para el encendido del hidrógeno; en los mismos momentos, la llama de difusión inicia su expansión, con las características típicas de una llama de diésel (frente de llama en la zona de la combustión por difusión y una zona de quemados).…”