Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility and Safety Control of Reheated CGHAZ in X80 Welded Pipeline

Deng, Qiushi; Zhao, Weimin; Jiang, Wei; Zhang, Timing; Li, Tingting; Zhao, Yujiao

doi:10.1007/s11665-018-3251-8

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Due to a non-uniformity of organization [26,27], it is easy to produce local defects and stress concentrations. This is the most vulnerable failure zone in the weld [28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-Induced Cracking in CGHAZ of Welded X80 Steel under Tension Load

Gou

Xing

Chen

et al. 2023

Metals

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X80 steel is extensively used in hydrogen environments and is susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement (HE). This paper studied the hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) behavior in the coarse-grained heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) of X80 steel welds, through applying in situ hydrogen-charging tensile experiments, hydrogen permeation experiments, and various surface analysis techniques. It is shown that a few hydrogen atoms can significantly decrease a material’s elongation and reduction of area. When the heat input (HI) was 29.2 kJ/cm, the material had minor sensitivity to hydrogen embrittlement. The tensile fractures were ductile without hydrogen. However, the fracture surface exhibited brittle fracture with hydrogen. With increased HI, the HE fracture showed a transition of intergranular fracture→intergranular and transgranular mixed fracture→transgranular fracture. In the presence of hydrogen, the grain boundaries of elongated strips were prone to the formation of intergranular cracks under a tension load, and the hydrogen embrittlement resistance of the bulk lath bainite (LB) was weak. The hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of pure granular bainite (GB) was lower. Fine LB and GB composite structures could remarkably inhibit intergranular cracks, giving the steel a superior resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.

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“…Due to a non-uniformity of organization [26,27], it is easy to produce local defects and stress concentrations. This is the most vulnerable failure zone in the weld [28][29][30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen-Induced Cracking in CGHAZ of Welded X80 Steel under Tension Load

Gou

Xing

Chen

et al. 2023

Metals

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“…The key to determining the hydrogen trapping ability of defects is to determine the binding energy between defects and hydrogen. A binding energy of ≥50 kJ/mol is a strong trap, while a binding energy of ≤30 kJ/mol is a weak trap [18][19][20][21][22]. The order of all defects according to binding energy is lattice gap < grain boundary < dislocation < vacancy < carbide [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Addition of Nb and V on the Microstructural Evolution and Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of High Strength Martensitic Steels

Liu

Liao²,

Tang

et al. 2022

Scanning

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Hydrogen embrittlement can easily occur in high strength martensitic steel, manifesting itself as a sudden failure or fracture without warning and greatly threatening the safety of automotive applications. Optimizing the composition of the alloy can be performed by matching heat treatment processing methods and controlling the precipitation amounts to form hydrogen traps. In doing so, the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of steel can be effectively delayed, reducing the risk of hydrogen-induced delayed cracking. In this study, four kinds of 1500 MPa strength grade martensitic steel were selected for testing and supplemented with different loadings of Nb and V, respectively. Their grains, phases, and precipitations were compared by optical microscopy (OM), electron backscattered diffraction (ESBD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses. After the addition of Nb and V, the microstructure was refined, the residual austenite content increased, and the hydrogen embrittlement resistance was significantly improved.

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“…Xue et al [22] and Liu et al [23] found that the cementite (Fe 3 C) in welded joints of X80 pipeline steel, as a kind of hydrogen trap, can hinder the diffusion of hydrogen in a certain way, and the smaller effective hydrogen diffusivity (D eff ) of HAZ can be attributed to the random distribution of Fe 3 C. Zhao et al [24] studied the effects of multiple welding thermal cycles on the hydrogen permeation parameters of X80 pipeline steel, and found that the D eff was mainly determined by the peak temperature in the final welding thermal cycle. Deng et al [25] studied the effects of reheated CGHAZ with different secondary peak temperatures and found that the hydrogen embrittlement susceptibility of ICCGHAZ with "necklace-like" M/A constituents was significantly increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Corrosion Resistance and Hydrogen Permeation Behavior in Inter-Critically Reheated Coarse-Grained Heat-Affected Zone of X80 Pipeline Steel

Zhao

Xiao

et al. 2022

Metals

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We studied the effects of peak temperature and cooling rate in the secondary welding thermal cycles on the martensite/austenite (M/A) constituents’ characteristics (including fraction, average size and distribution), corrosion resistance and hydrogen permeation behaviors in the inter-critically reheated coarse-grained heat-affected zone (ICCGHAZ) of X80 pipeline steel. We observed that the M/A constituents’ characteristics mainly depend on the secondary peak temperature and cooling rates, while the microstructure style and prior austenite grain size are dependent on the first peak temperature. In addition, the variations in the M/A constituents’ characteristics result in different corrosion resistance and hydrogen permeation behaviors by changing the micro-galvanic effect and the number of hydrogen trapping sites. The high fraction and coarse grain size of M/A constituents are against the corrosion resistance and hydrogen permeation in ICCGHAZs, and their functional relationships are established. Moreover, the effects of the fraction of M/A constituents on the corrosion resistance and hydrogen permeation behaviors are much greater than those of the average size.

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Hydrogen Embrittlement Susceptibility and Safety Control of Reheated CGHAZ in X80 Welded Pipeline

Cited by 17 publications

References 32 publications

Hydrogen-Induced Cracking in CGHAZ of Welded X80 Steel under Tension Load

Hydrogen-Induced Cracking in CGHAZ of Welded X80 Steel under Tension Load

Effects of the Addition of Nb and V on the Microstructural Evolution and Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of High Strength Martensitic Steels

Study on Corrosion Resistance and Hydrogen Permeation Behavior in Inter-Critically Reheated Coarse-Grained Heat-Affected Zone of X80 Pipeline Steel

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