Hydrogen Electrode Half-Cell in Polarography

Abstract

The hydrogen electrode is shown to serve as an adequate and convenient anode in polarographic work. The fact that the potential of the anode may be changed at will to potentials between Eh 0 and -0.8 by simply adjusting the pH of the hydrogen electrode solution makes it possible to change the applied voltage to values that will give the optimum definition and separation of polarographic waves.Some improvements of the Sargent type of polarograph are suggested. INPOLAROGRAPHIC work the position and height of each wave on the current-voltage curve are usually determined (9).The maximum clarity of these waves can be obtained by adjusting the voltage to make the relation of the scale of abscissas (voltages) to ordinates (amperes) such that the waves are properly accentuated in form and location. In this paper it is shown

Improvement in Precision of Polarographic Analysis

“…Buckley and Taylor (3) estimated that the value of id (diffusion current) is reproducible within the limits of 0.5 and 4%, whereas Mueller (11) believes that an accuracy of =>= 1 % can be reached by using averages of several polarograms of the same solution. To minimize these errors Jablonski and Moritz (6) suggest the use of an accurate measuring microscope for determining the wave height, and Baumberger and Bard well (1) recommend the draw-ing of abscissas on the photographic paper by the help of an additional lamp, in order to facilitate a direct reading of the applied voltage.…”

Polarographic Theory, Instrumentation, and Methodology

“…When two substances, . 4 and B, are in chemical equilibrium with each other, and both are reducible but at different potentials, a polarogram of the solution will show the separate waves of each substance only under certain conditions.…”