Hydrogen effects on X80 pipeline steel in high-pressure natural gas/hydrogen mixtures

Meng, Bo; Gu, Chaohua; Zhang, Lin; Li, Xiongying; Zhao, Yongzhi; Zheng, Jinyang; Chen, Xingyang; Han, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.145

Cited by 152 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Two techniques were used to hydrogen pre-charge both types of notched SPT specimens: the pressurized gas method and the electrochemical method. In the first one, an autoclave with gaseous hydrogen at 19.5 MPa and 450 °C for 21 h was used [4,5]. Once the hydrogen pre-charge was completed, the specimens were put into a Dewar vessel with liquid nitrogen to avoid the hydrogen desorption until the tests.…”

Section: Precharging Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Hydrogen Induced Cracking by Means of the Small Punch Test: Effect of the Specimen Geometry and the Hydrogen Pre-Charge Mode

Díaz

Rodríguez

Gallego

et al. 2018

The 2nd International Research Conference on Sustainable Energy, Engineering, Materials and Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents a simplified procedure to analyse the Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) of structural steels by means of the Small Punch Test (SPT). Two types of notched specimens were used: one with through-thickness lateral notch and another with surface longitudinal notch. The results for conventional specimens were compared with those for hydrogen pre-charged specimens. For this purpose, two different methods to introduce hydrogen in the specimens were used: cathodic/electrochemical pre-charging and pressurized gaseous hydrogen pre-charging. The results obtained with both methods are also discussed.

show abstract

Section: Precharging Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Hydrogen Induced Cracking by Means of the Small Punch Test: Effect of the Specimen Geometry and the Hydrogen Pre-Charge Mode

Díaz

Rodríguez

Gallego

et al. 2018

The 2nd International Research Conference on Sustainable Energy, Engineering, Materials and Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These data were obtained in a reactor operating in integral mode and therefore the procedure is slightly different. A first order kinetic rate that considers the distance from equilibrium was used, as reported in Equation (6). The regression was performed on the fresh sample and at the end of the run.…”

Section: Kinetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The obtained hydrogen could be stored or injected into the natural gas grid [4]. However, injection into the natural gas grid is limited or not permitted in some grids due to both lower volumetric energy density of hydrogen and steel embrittlement caused by hydrogen [5,6]. Therefore, a second conversion stage can be added to combine hydrogen with carbon dioxide to obtain methane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights on a Methanation Catalyst Aging Process: Aging Characterization and Kinetic Study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Power to gas systems is one of the most interesting long-term energy storage solutions. As a result of the high exothermicity of the CO2 methanation reaction, the catalyst in the methanation subsystem is subjected to thermal stress. Therefore, the performance of a commercial Ni/Al2O3 catalyst was investigated over a series of 100 hour-long tests and in-process relevant conditions, i.e. 5 bar from 270 to 500 °C. Different characterization techniques were employed to determine the mechanism of the observed performance loss (N2 physisorption, XRD, TPO). The TPO analysis excluded carbon deposition as a possible cause of catalyst aging. The BET analysis evidenced a severe reduction in the total surface area for the catalyst samples tested at higher temperatures. Furthermore, a direct correlation was found between the catalyst activity decline and the drop of the catalyst specific surface. In order to correctly design a reliable methanation reactor, it is essential to have a kinetic model that includes also the aging kinetics. For this purpose, the second set of experiments was carried out, in order to determine the intrinsic kinetics of the catalyst. The kinetic parameters were identified by using nonlinear regression analysis. Finally, a power-law aging model was proposed to consider the performance loss in time.

show abstract

“…The change in thermodynamic conditions with an increased hydrogen content may also affect the natural gas transmission system (i.e., gas compression stations or gas reduction stations). Another important issue is selection of the material for pipeline construction in light of the hydrogen corrosion case [42], which affects the cost of its construction [20,43].…”

Section: Methane-hydrogen Mixturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamic and Technical Issues of Hydrogen and Methane-Hydrogen Mixtures Pipeline Transmission

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of hydrogen as a non-emission energy carrier is important for the innovative development of the power-generation industry. Transmission pipelines are the most efficient and economic method of transporting large quantities of hydrogen in a number of variants. A comprehensive hydraulic analysis of hydrogen transmission at a mass flow rate of 0.3 to 3.0 kg/s (volume flow rates from 12,000 Nm3/h to 120,000 Nm3/h) was performed. The methodology was based on flow simulation in a pipeline for assumed boundary conditions as well as modeling of fluid thermodynamic parameters for pure hydrogen and its mixtures with methane. The assumed outlet pressure was 24 bar (g). The pipeline diameter and required inlet pressure were calculated for these parameters. The change in temperature was analyzed as a function of the pipeline length for a given real heat transfer model; the assumed temperatures were 5 and 25 °C. The impact of hydrogen on natural gas transmission is another important issue. The performed analysis revealed that the maximum participation of hydrogen in natural gas should not exceed 15%–20%, or it has a negative impact on natural gas quality. In the case of a mixture of 85% methane and 15% hydrogen, the required outlet pressure is 10% lower than for pure methane. The obtained results present various possibilities of pipeline transmission of hydrogen at large distances. Moreover, the changes in basic thermodynamic parameters have been presented as a function of pipeline length for the adopted assumptions.

show abstract

Hydrogen effects on X80 pipeline steel in high-pressure natural gas/hydrogen mixtures

Cited by 152 publications

References 14 publications

Analysis of the Hydrogen Induced Cracking by Means of the Small Punch Test: Effect of the Specimen Geometry and the Hydrogen Pre-Charge Mode

Analysis of the Hydrogen Induced Cracking by Means of the Small Punch Test: Effect of the Specimen Geometry and the Hydrogen Pre-Charge Mode

Insights on a Methanation Catalyst Aging Process: Aging Characterization and Kinetic Study

Thermodynamic and Technical Issues of Hydrogen and Methane-Hydrogen Mixtures Pipeline Transmission

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About