2021
DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2020.118957
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Hydrogen donating capacity of water in catalytic and non-catalytic aquathermolysis of extra-heavy oil: Deuterium tracing study

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Cited by 76 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…This behavior is attributed to the high ability of Cu phases to cleave heteroatoms−C bonds as well as saturate free radicals that were formed by the rupture of some naphthenic rings and bridge bonds in high molecular weight compounds, 8,25 where the water participates in aquathermolysis reactions as a hydrogen donor, as has been reported in generalized reaction mechanisms for aquathermolysis reaction. 16,26 Figure 4 illustrates a reaction mechanism of the possible pathways carried out under aquathermolysis conditions using a copper oleate precursor. The carboxylic ligands maintain the transition metals in the oil phase, improving the interaction with heavy crude oil molecules.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This behavior is attributed to the high ability of Cu phases to cleave heteroatoms−C bonds as well as saturate free radicals that were formed by the rupture of some naphthenic rings and bridge bonds in high molecular weight compounds, 8,25 where the water participates in aquathermolysis reactions as a hydrogen donor, as has been reported in generalized reaction mechanisms for aquathermolysis reaction. 16,26 Figure 4 illustrates a reaction mechanism of the possible pathways carried out under aquathermolysis conditions using a copper oleate precursor. The carboxylic ligands maintain the transition metals in the oil phase, improving the interaction with heavy crude oil molecules.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The synergistic effect of the hydrogen donor and the catalyst has a greater effect on the condensation reaction of heavy oil, which has a greater degree of inhibition effect. 108 Al-Muntaser et al performed a deuterium tracer experiment 109 for the rst time to systematically study the application of water as a hydrogen donor in catalytic and non-catalytic hydrothermal decomposition. The authors used deuterium oxide (D 2 O) instead of ordinary water (H 2 O) to reveal the hydrogen supply capacity of water in the hydrothermal decomposition reaction.…”
Section: Mechanism Of Hydrogen-donating Reaction With Catalystmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Al-Muntaser et al performed a deuterium tracer experiment 109 for the first time to systematically study the application of water as a hydrogen donor in catalytic and non-catalytic hydrothermal decomposition. The authors used deuterium oxide (D 2 O) instead of ordinary water (H 2 O) to reveal the hydrogen supply capacity of water in the hydrothermal decomposition reaction.…”
Section: Mechanisms Of Hydrogen Donor In Catalytic Cracking Upgrading...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The first systematic study on the application of water as a hydrogen source in both catalytic and non-catalytic aquathermolysis was carried out by Al-Muntaser et al via a deuterium tracing study [29]. The authors used deuterium oxide (D 2 O) instead of normal water (H 2 O) to reveal the hydrogen donating ability of water in aquathermolysis reactions.…”
Section: Use Of Hydrogen Donorsmentioning
confidence: 99%