Hydrogen diffusion and precipitation in duplex zirconium nuclear fuel cladding quantified by high-resolution neutron imaging

Effect of the inner liner on the hydrogen distribution of zircaloy-2 nuclear fuel claddings

“…Hydrogen quantification in PWR liner cladding has been recently performed on non-irradiated Zircaloy-4 (Zry-4) based cladding with outer liner by high-resolution neutron radiography [14] , and more recently on irradiated Zry-4 with and without an outer liner [15] . A similar approach has now been adapted to study Zry-2-based cladding.…”

Kinetics of Hydrogen Desorption from Yttrium Hydride: The Development of Material Characterization Methods

“…These spatial resolutions are far better than those of bulk testing methods proposed by Weiss [4]. Therefore, this study showed great progress in probing local hydride content at a microscopic scale, although neutron imaging could still be superior in terms of scan volume and accuracy [5]. The combination of the high-throughput nanoindentation mapping and Raman imaging could improve understanding of H desorption at different location and consequently help interpret the thermal desorption spectroscopy results.…”

“…One reason for this is that common electron microscopy techniques (e.g., energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy) are not sensitive to H. Additionally, the local analysis of lattice constant by high-energy xray diffraction and selected area diffraction in transmission electron microscopy might not be promising because the lattice constant of yttrium hydride is not sensitive to the H/Y atomic ratio [2]. One success of local H analysis was reported by Gong et al [5], which demonstrated mapping H content via neutron imaging with an effective spatial resolution of 9.6 µm and a H sensitivity of 9 wppm. The downside of this method is limited accessibility to the neutron source in general.…”

Spent nuclear fuel in dry storage conditions – current trends in fuel performance modeling

“…This type of cladding consists of a low-tin Zircaloy-4 outer liner bonded to a standard Zircaloy-4 inner substrate. Gong et al investigated hydrogen diffusion and precipitation in DX-D4 samples cooled from 400 • C to 100 • C with different cooling rates [111] . In the experiment, two cladding tubes were charged with hydrogen up to 200 and 350 wppm.…”